Table 1.
Time constant (τ) representing the transition time of an ion transport within a hydrogel obtained from the fitting of electrical equivalent circuits (Figure 5A, insert) and the conductivity of the MWCNT fraction incorporated into the hydrogel electrolyte. A conductivity of the hydrogel fraction in a steady state (without elongation) is 5 × 10−2 S cm−1, as demonstrated in Figure 6C.
| Sample (mg of MWCNTs) | τ1 (s) | L1 (m) | Conductivity of MWCNT Fraction (S/cm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 5.72 × 10−5 | 1.61 × 10−7 | - |
| 20 | 1.53 × 10−5 | 8.36 × 10−8 | - |
| 40 | 2.17 × 10−7 | 9.95 × 10−9 | 0.014 |
| 80 | 1.82 × 10−7 | 9.12 × 10−9 | 0.010 |
| 120 | 1.14 × 10−7 | 7.21 × 10−9 | 0.014 |
| 240 | 4.18 × 10−7 | 1.38 × 10−8 | 0.015 |
| 360 | 3.36 × 10−7 | 1.22 × 10−8 | 0.023 |
| Pure MWCNT | - | - | 0.031 |
1τ = L2/D (D = diffusion coefficient estimated for 0.1 M KCl in acrylamide hydrogel as 4.57 × 10−10 m2 s−1 [34], L = an effective diffusion length for electrolyte species in acrylamide-based hydrogels.