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. 2019 Dec 21;9(1):8. doi: 10.3390/antiox9010008

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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WDL-AuNPs prevented the activation insulin-signaling proteins on DEHP-induced RIN-5F cells in mRNA expression. (1) Normal RIN-5F cells, (2) DEHP (625 µM), (3) DEHP + WDL-AuNPs (40 µg/mL), (4) DEHP + WDL-AuNPs (80 µg/mL), and (5) WDL-AuNPs (80 µg/mL). The expressions of insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and glucose transporter-2 (GLUT2) were analyzed by RT-PCR. Values are mentioned as means ± SD of three independent tests. * Compared with control cells group (p < 0.05); ^{#, ##} Compared with the DEHP cells group (p < 0.05).