Table 4.
Different electrospun PCL scaffolds for TE applications.
| Solvent | PCL Concentration | Applied Voltage | Solution Flow Rate | Spinneret-Collector Distance | Collector Type | Nanofiber Morphology | Average Nanofiber Diameter | TE Application | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHL | 10 wt% | 13 kV | 0.1 mL/min | Not specified | Flat plate | Randomly oriented, irregularly shaped PCL nanofibers | 400 ± 200 nm | Bone regeneration | [167] |
| Acetone | 7.5 wt% | 14–30 kV | 1 mL/h | 10 cm | Flat plate | Randomly oriented, smooth, bead-free PCL nanofibers | 478 nm | Bone regeneration | [168] |
| CHL/DMF (7.5:2.5 v/v) |
5 wt% | 25 kV | 0.5 mL/h | 18 cm | Cylindrical drum rotating at 250 rpm | Randomly oriented, smooth, bead-free PCL nanofibers | 450–800 nm | Cardiovascular TE | [169] |
| CHL/DMF (7.5:2.5 v/v) |
5 wt% | 25 kV | 0.5 mL/h | 18 cm | Cylindrical drum rotating at 2800 rpm | Aligned, smooth, bead-free PCL nanofibers | 450–800 nm | Cardiovascular TE | [169] |
| CHL/DMF (1:1 v/v) |
15 w/v% | 1.1 kV/cm | 0.375 mL/h | Not specified | Double-bevel collector | Nanofiber centimeter-scaled scaffolds consisting of uniaxially aligned, bead-free PCL nanofibers | 220 ± 22 nm | Not specified | [170] |
| DCM | 10 wt% | 20 kV | 8 mL/h | 16.5 cm | Flat plate | Randomly oriented, smooth, bead-free PCL nanofibers | 2.4 ± 0.43 µm | Heart valve engineering | [171] |
| Acetic acid (AA)/deionized water (9:1 v/v) |
20 wt% | 25 kV | 1.3 mL/h | 8 cm | Flat plate | Randomly oriented, smooth, bead-free PCL nanofibers | 278 ± 14 nm | Not specified | [172] |
| Formic acid (FA)/AA (9:1 v/v) |
14 w/v% | 32–33 kV | 0.7 mL/h | 15 cm | Cylindrical drum rotating at 300 rpm | Randomly oriented, smooth, bead-free PCL nanofibers | 107 ± 20 nm | Not specified | [106] |
| FA/AA (9:1 v/v) |
14 w/v% | 32 kV | 0.5–0.7 mL/h | 20 cm | Cylindrical drum rotating at 3000 rpm | Aligned, smooth, defect-free PCL nanofibers | 114 ± 24 nm | Not specified | [119] |