Table 1.

The kinetic models, their linear forms, and plot types to calculate the model parameters.

Kinetic Model	Linear Form	Equation No	Plot
Pseudo first-order	$\ln \left({\mathrm{q}}_{\mathrm{e}}-{\mathrm{q}}_{\mathrm{t}}\right)=\ln \left({\mathrm{q}}_{\mathrm{e}}\right)-{\mathrm{k}}_1\mathrm{t}$	(a)	ln(qe − qt) vs. t
Pseudo second-order	$\frac{\mathrm{t}}{{\mathrm{q}}_{\mathrm{t}}}=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{k}}_2 {{\mathrm{q}}_{\mathrm{e}}}^2} + \frac{\mathrm{t}}{{\mathrm{q}}_{\mathrm{e}}}$	(b)	$\frac{\mathrm{t}}{{\mathrm{q}}_{\mathrm{t}}} \mathrm{vs}. \mathrm{t}$
Intraparticle diffusion	${\mathrm{q}}_{\mathrm{t}}={\mathrm{k}}_{\mathrm{d}} {\mathrm{t}}^{0.5} + \mathrm{C}$	(c)	qt vs. t0.5
Elovich	${\mathrm{q}}_{\mathrm{t}}=\frac{1}{\mathsf{\beta }}\ln \left(\mathsf{\alpha }\mathsf{\beta }\right) + \frac{1}{\mathsf{\beta }}\ln \left(\mathrm{t}\right)$	(d)	qt vs. ln(t)