Table 2.
Subgroup analysis of the possible heterogeneity sources for the overall pooled prevalence of malaria in Ethiopia, 2019.
| Heterogeneity source | Category | Prevalence (95% CI) | I 2 (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Region | Oromia | 44.5 (21, 51) | 100 | 0.0 |
| Amhara | 19.2 (12, 26) | 100 | 0.0 | |
| SNNPR | 28.5 (22, 35) | 99.9 | 0.0 | |
| Others | 22 (12, 33) | 99.2 | 0.0 | |
|
| ||||
| Altitude | Lowland | 20.7 (15, 26) | 99.7 | 0.0 |
| Midland | 26 (16, 34) | 100 | 0.0 | |
| Mixed | 37.6 (30, 45) | 100 | 0.0 | |
| Unidentified | 24 (10, 39) | 100 | 0.0 | |
|
| ||||
| Publication year | 2009–2012 | 40.6 (28, 53) | 99.9 | 0.0 |
| 2013–2015 | 27.9 (19, 37) | 100 | 0.0 | |
| 2016–2018 | 19.3 (14,25) | 100 | 0.0 | |
|
| ||||
| Sampling technique | Probability | 15.5 (3, 28) | 99.9 | 0.0 |
| Survey | 26.6 (19, 35) | 100 | 0.0 | |
| Unknown | 34.4 (16, 53) | 99.9 | 0.0 | |
| Nonprobability | 35.9 (35, 36) | — | — | |
|
| ||||
| Setting | Rural | 32.3 (27, 38) | 99.9 | 0.0 |
| Urban | 27.6 (4, 51) | — | — | |
| Mixed | 28.3 (21, 36) | 100 | 0.0 | |
| Unknown | 15.9 (7, 25) | 99.9 | 0.0 | |
|
| ||||
| Study participant | General population | 25.1 (20, 30) | 100 | 0.0 |
| Specific groups | 29.5 (11, 46) | 99.8 | 0.0 | |
|
| ||||
| Diagnostic method | Microscopy | 24.5 (20, 29) | 100 | 0.0 |
| RDT | 1.9 (2, 2) | 99.8 | 0.0 | |
| Mixed | 69.8 (69, 71) | — | — | |