Table 2.

Comparison between post-test HRQOL score of participants in the intervention and control group.

Age group	Dimensions of HRQOL	Group				Mean difference	Mann–Whitney U-test
		Study		Control
		Mean	SD	Mean	SD
8–12 years child report	Pain and hurt	40.81	5.46	32.00	8.52	8.81	Z = 2.68
							∗∗ P = 0.01
	Pain impact	32.30	5.08	28.20	7.84	4.1	Z = 1.65
							P = 0.10
	Pain management and control	43.33	6.13	32.47	6.05	10.86	Z = 3.74
							∗∗∗ P = 0.001
	Worry I	41.93	5.64	34.70	6.20	7.23	Z = 2.89
							∗∗ P = 0.01
	Worry II	44.83	7.77	39.27	6.26	5.56	Z = 2.57
							∗∗ P = 0.01
	Emotions	46.50	7.25	36.33	8.24	10.17	Z = 2.88
							∗∗ P = 0.01
	Treatment	44.70	10.01	34.56	7.00	10.14	Z = 2.83
							∗∗ P = 0.01
	Communication I	50.22	10.19	44.13	14.67	6.09	Z = 0.96
							P = 0.33
	Communication II	36.93	11.47	27.55	9.36	9.38	Z = 1.69
							P = 0.09
8–12 years parent report	Pain and hurt	38.19	6.61	29.00	6.20	9.19	Z = 3.07
							∗∗ P = 0.01
	Pain impact	33.37	7.01	27.77	9.57	5.60	Z = 1.69
							P = 0.09
	Pain management and control	42.97	9.14	29.83	7.76	13.14	Z = 3.46
							∗∗∗ P = 0.001
	Worry I	45.00	9.45	34.20	6.88	10.8	Z = 3.44
							∗∗ P = 0.01
	Worry II	44.00	7.80	37.33	11.05	6.67	Z = 1.98
							∗ P = 0.05
	Emotions	41.67	7.72	38.67	12.42	3.00	Z = 0.55
							P = 0.58
	Treatment	37.37	7.33	32.08	9.38	5.29	Z = 2.10
							∗ P = 0.04
	Communication I	38.89	6.34	37.51	9.88	1.38	Z = 033
							P = 0.73
	Communication II	32.53	6.73	28.11	11.11	4.42	Z = 1.60
							P = 010

^∗Significant at P < = 0.05 , ^∗∗significant at P < = 0.01, ^∗∗∗significant at P < = 0.001.