Table 2.
Name | Carotenoid(s) | Molecular Formula | Production Yield | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dunaliella sp. | β-carotene | C40H56 | 100 mg/L | Dunaliella salina | [197,198] |
Astaxanthin | C40H52O4 | 40–45 mg/g | Dunaliella salina | [199] | |
α-carotene | C40H56 | 2.7 ± 0.5 mg/g | Dunaliella salina | [200] | |
Zeaxanthin | C40H56O2 | 11.3 ± 1.6 mg/g | Dunaliella salina | [200] | |
Lutein | C40H56O2 | 6.6 ± 0.9 mg/g | Dunaliella salina | [200] | |
Hematococcus sp. | Astaxanthin | C40H52O4 | 357 mg/L | Haematococcus pluvialis | [201] |
Chlorella sp. | Astaxanthin | C40H52O4 | 10.3 mg/L | Chlorella zofingiensis | [202] |
Lutein | C40H56O2 | 153,009.7 μg/g | Chlorella pyrenoidosa | [203] | |
β-cryptoxantin | C40H56O | 334.9 μg/g | Chlorella pyrenoidosa | [203] | |
Canthaxanthin | C40H52O2 | 8.5 mg/g | Chlorella zofingiensis | [27] | |
Auroxanthin | C40H56O4 | 38.5 μg/g | Chlorella pyrenoidosa | [203] | |
Violaxanthin | C40H56O4 | 38.1 μg/g | Chlorella pyrenoidosa | [203] | |
Neochrome | C40H56O4 | 65.2 μg/g | Chlorella pyrenoidosa | [203] | |
Neoxanthin | C40H56O4 | 199.7 μg/g | Chlorella pyrenoidosa | [203] | |
Zeaxanthin | C40H56O2 | 2170.3 μg/g | Chlorella pyrenoidosa | [203] | |
β-carotene | C40H56 | 4314.3 μg/g | Chlorella pyrenoidosa | [203] | |
α-carotene | C40H56 | 4232.5 μg/g | Chlorella pyrenoidosa | [203] | |
Scenedesmus sp. | Lutein | C40H56O2 | 3.8 mg/L. day | Scenedesmus almeriensis | [204,205] |
Spirulina sp. | β-carotene | C40H56 | 296 mg/kg | Spirulina platensis | [206,207,208,209] |
Chlorococcum sp. | Lutein | C40H56O2 | 1.05 mg/L. h | Chlorococcum citriforme | [210] |
Tetraselmis sp. | Astaxanthin | C40H52O4 | 2.3 mg/g | Tetraselmis suecica | [211] |
Muriellopsis sp. | Lutein | C40H56O2 | 35 mg/L | Not mentioned | [194] |
Phaeodactylum sp. | Fucoxanthin | C42H58O6 | 15.7 mg/g | Phaeodactylum tricornutum | [212] |
Galdieria sp. | Lutein | C40H56O2 | 0.6 ± 0.1 mg/g | Galdieria sulphuraria | [213] |
Coccomyxa sp. | Lutein | C40H56O2 | 5–6 g/L | Coccomyxa onubensis | [214] |
Odontella sp. | Fucoxanthin | C42H58O6 | 80 mg/L | Odontella aurita | [215] |
Isochrysis sp. | Fucoxanthin | C42H58O6 | 18.23 ± 0.54 mg/g | Isochrysis aff. Galbana | [216] |
Chaetoceros sp. | Fucoxanthin | C42H58O6 | 2.24 ± 0.01 mg/g | Chaetoceros gracilis | [216] |
Nitzschia sp. | Fucoxanthin | C42H58O6 | 4.92 ± 0.11 mg/g | Nitzschia closterium | [216] |