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. 2019 Dec 29;18(1):28. doi: 10.3390/md18010028

Table 4.

Non-exhaustive recent examples of antioxidant exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing marine bacteria.

Marine Bacteria EPS Concentration DPPH• Scavenging O2−• Scavenging Free Radical Scavenging Nitric Oxide RadicalScavenging Ferrous Ions Chelation Capacity Reduction of Ferric Ions Power (1) Lipid Peroxidation •OH Scavenging Reference
Aerococcus uriaeequi 20–100 µg/mL (O2−•)50–250 µg/mL (•OH) - 12–85% - - - - - 20–55% [261]
Alteromonas sp. PRIM-21 0.25–1.0 mg/mL IC50 = 0.61 mg/mL IC50 = 0.33 mg/mL - - - 7.5–20 µg eq. ascorbic acid - - [262]
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 3MS 2017 100 µg/mL 86% 61% 38% 64% 64% 0.003 60% 62% [263]
250 µg/mL 98% 72% 43% 76% 70% 0.005 69% 74%
500 µg/mL 99% 83% 47% 85% 70% 0.005 75% 85%
Bacillus alvei 20–100 mg/mL 96% - - - - - - - [255]
Bacillus anthracis 20–100 mg/mL 82% - - - - - - -
Bacillus brevis 20–100 mg/mL 77% - - - - - - -
Bacillus circulans 20–100 mg/mL 98% - - - - - - -
Bacillus insolitus 20–100 mg/mL 85% - - - - - - -
Bacillus licheniformis 20–100 mg/mL 97% - - - - - - -
Bacillus licheniformis UD061 5–250 mg/L - 43% - - - 0.35 - 51% [254]
Bacillus marinus 20–100 mg/mL 83% - - - - - - - [255]
Bacillus polymyxa 20–100 mg/mL 84% - - - - - - -
Bacillus sp. MSHN2016 30–200 μg/mL EC50 = 77 μg/mL - - - - - - - [256]
Bacterium polaribacter sp. SM1127 (0.1)–10.0 mg/mL 55% 28% - - - - - 52% [259]
Edwardsiella tarda ETW1: 8 mg/mL 88% - - - - - 79% 89% [260]
ETW2: 8 mg/mL 77% - - - - - 71% 77%
Enterobacter sp. PRIM-26 0.25–1.0 mg/mL IC50 = 0.44 mg/mL IC50 = 0.65 mg/mL - - - 5–12.5 µg eq. ascorbic acid - - [262]
Janibacter sp. TKB-1 <50 µg/mL 69% - - - - - - - [257]
Microbacterium aurantiacum FSW-25 0.1–3.5 mg/mL 20–80% 23–90% - - - 0.9–1.7 - 25–90% [258]
Nitratireductor sp. PRIM-24 0.25–1.0 mg/mL IC50 = 0.49 mg/mL none - - - 10–24 µg eq. ascorbic acid - - [262]
Pseudomonas PF-6 0–3 mg/mL IC50 = 180 µg/mL IC50 = 149 µg/mL - - - 0.2–0.8 - IC50 = 340 µg/mL [264]
Pseudomonas sp. KKB-1 <50 µg/mL 63% - - - - - - - [257]
Pseudomonas stuzeri 273 5–20 µg/mL - IC50 = 20 μg/mL - - - - - IC50 = 60 μg/mL [253]
Staphylococcus sp. 20–100 mg/mL 80% - - - - - - - [255]
Zunongwangia profunda SM-A87 (0.1)–10 mg/mL 49% 27% - - - - - 59% [265]

DPPH•: 1,1diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical; %: corresponds to inhibition %; (1) In absorbance (A700); ETW1 and ETW2: Two water-soluble extracellular polysaccharides derived from Edwardsiella tarda.