Figure 4.
Concentration of total MAAs (mg g−1 DW) of each species obtained by seven different protocols. The code of protocol is indicated based on extraction and re-dissolution solvents used (see Figure 1 legend). (A) Agarophyton vermiculophyllum. (B) Crassiphycus corneus. (C) Gracilariopsis longissima. (D) Pyropia leucosticta. Different letters indicate significant differences among MAA concentrations for each species.