Graphical representation of macrophage functional phenotypes follow normal wound healing progression from post-injury recruitment of circulating innate immune cells to localized macrophage differentiation (M0: Resting Macrophage, yellow cells). Activation of macrophage polarization may result in one of five distinct functional phenotypes as follows: M1 Inflammatory Macrophages (red cells), M2a Anti-Inflammatory Macrophages (dark blue cells), M2b Tissue Remodeling Macrophages (purple cells), M2c Tissue Repair Macrophages (orange cells), or M2d Tumor Associated Macrophages (light blue cells).
Source: Original art by co-author Tyler Lawton.