mITGB4-DC vaccine in ITGB4-targeted immunotherapy. A: Protocol of the 4T1 and SCC7 therapeutic minimal tumor models. Treatment groups were as follows: PBS, mITGB4-DC vaccine, anti-PD-L1, and the combination of mITGB4-DC vaccine and anti-PD-L1(n=5). In 4T1 model, the administration of mITGB4-DC vaccine inhibited both local tumor growth (B, C) and spontaneous lung metastases (D, E); co-administration of anti-PD-L1 mAb significantly enhanced the therapeutic effectiveness (B-E). Pictures of local tumors (C) and spontaneous lung metastases (E) from treated animals bearing 4T1 tumors are shown. F, G: mITGB4-DC vaccine and/or anti-PD-L1 inhibited the local tumor growth in SCC7 therapeutic minimal tumor. H: SCC7 experimental lung metastasis model using mITGB4-DC vaccine. I, J: mITGB4-DC vaccine and/or anti-PD-L1 significantly inhibited lung metastases in SCC7 experimental lung metastasis model. The experiment of 4T1 or SCC7 therapeutic minimal models was repeated four times.