Table 2.

Means and standard deviations of clinical parameters at T0, T1, and T2 (baseline, 6 and 12 months) of orthodontic treatment

	Means (%) ± standard deviation			p value
	T0	T1	T2
Plaque index	24.44 ± 11.56a	70.58 ± 28.56b	83.23 ± 12.30bc	p < 0.001
Bleeding on probing	4.54 ± 4.98a	7.97 ± 5.04b	6.20 ± 4.09ab	p < 0.016
Width of keratinized gingiva	4.29 ± 0.66a	4.33 ± 0.84a	4.29 ± 0.78a	NS

NS no significant difference. Different letters indicate a significant difference between the three times (Wilcoxon test)