Table 2.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) responses measured in this study

	Definition	Neuronal background	Interpretation	References
Motor threshold	–	Glutamatergic system	High motor threshold means decreased corticospinal excitability	[33, 41, 42]
Resting motor threshold (RMT)	Corticospinal excitability (% of maximum stimulator output)	–	–	–
Electric field (EF)	Corticospinal excitability (induced electric field, V/m, at the cortex)	–	–	–
Silent period (SP)	Corticospinal inhibition	GABAergic system	Long silent period means increased corticospinal inhibition	[33, 38, 43]
Input–output curve (IO-slope)	Dose-dependent response to TMS	Synaptic connectivity and plasticity	The steepness of the IO-slope reflects the level of synaptic connectivity and plasticity	[40, 44–46]

GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid