Table 1.
Demographic and Clincal Characteristics of Participants
| MwoA patients (n = 30) | Healthy controls (n = 22) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 39.87 ± 10.43 | 34.27 ± 8.34 | 0.122 |
| Gender (male/female) | 4:26 | 8:14 | 0.094 |
| MoCA score | 25.87 ± 3.49 | 27.5 ± 1.97 | 0.054 |
| HAMA score | 40.2 ± 8.41 | 36.91 ± 5.72 | 0.119 |
| HAMD score | 40.68 ± 9.56 | 37.11 ± 6.09 | 0.066 |
| Education (years) | 13.57 ± 3.01 | 15 ± 2.49 | 0.075 |
| Duration (years) | 9.37 ± 7.77 | NA | NA |
| Headache laterality, n (%) | NA | NA | |
| unilateral | 13 (43%) | NA | NA |
| bilateral | 12 (40%) | NA | NA |
| shift | 5 (17%) | NA | NA |
| Frequency (d/m) | 5.17 ± 6.17 | NA | NA |
| VAS | 6.02 ± 3.11 | NA | NA |
| Mild, n (%) | 8 (27%) | NA | NA |
| Moderate, n (%) | 17 (57%) | NA | NA |
| Severe, n (%) | 5 (17%) | NA | NA |
| HIT-6 score | 57.3 ± 9.27 | NA | NA |
| MIDAS score | 11.63 ± 8.76 | NA | NA |
| VLSQ-8 score | 18.53 ± 3.81 | 11.50 ± 2.07 | <0.001 |
MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, HAMA Hamilton anxiety scale, HAMD Hamilton depression scale, HC Healthy control, Visual Analogue Scale scale 0–10: mild1–3; moderate4–6; severe7–10.HIT-6 Headache Impact Test-6, MIDAS the Migraine Disability Assessment Score, VLSQ-8 Visual Light Sensitivity Questionnaire-8. Measurement data are expressed in mean and standard deviation