Figure 1.
Senescence markers of Dox-treated HCT116 cells. Day 0 means untreated cells. (A) BrdU incorporation test for senescent HCT116 cells. Magnification 200×. BrdU signals were observed at 450 to 490 nm excitation wavelength. DAPI signals were observed at 360 nm excitation wavelength. Cells were treated with Dox for 6 days. Scale bar is 50 µm. (B) Percentages of BrdU-positive cells on day 0, and on days 2, 4, and 6 of Dox treatment. (C) SA-β-gal–positive cells of Dox-treated HCT116 cells. Day 0, and days 1 and 5 of Dox treatment. Scale bar is 50 µm. (D) Percentages of SA-β-gal–positive cells on day 0, and days 1 and 5 of Dox treatment. (E) DNA content of cells stained with PI revealed by flow cytometry of Dox-treated HCT116 cells. (F, G, H, and I) Expression of p53, P-p53 (Ser15), and p21 in Dox-treated HCT116 cells. Lanes, from left to right, represent consecutive days of experiment, as indicated. The data were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. Data of cell cycle analysis were analyzed with 2-tailed Student’s t-test, ANOVA. Error bars represent mean ± SD. *P < .05, **P < .01, and ***P < .001 versus day 0 (control). ++P < .01 and +++P < .001 versus Dox 1 (SA-β-gal and western blot) and Dox 2 (BrdU). XP < .05 and XXXP < .001 versus Dox 2 in western blot and Dox 4 in BrdU.