Table 2.
Organization of differential diagnosis of orbital pathology.
| Intraconal | Extraconal |
|---|---|
| Optic nerve involvement | Intraorbital lesions |
| Optic nerve glioma | Dermoid cyst |
| Optic nerve sheath meningioma | Lacrimal gland lesions |
| Optic neuritis | Dacryocystocele |
| Pseudotumour | Capillary hemangioma |
| Lymphoma/leukemia | Cavernous hemangioma |
| Intracranial hypertension | Lymphangioma |
| Retinoblastoma | Plexiform neurofibroma |
| No optic nerve involvement | Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors |
| Cavernous hemangioma | Orbital pseudotumor |
| Capillary hemangioma | Langerhans cell histiocytosis |
| Orbital varix | Rhabdomyosaroma |
| Arteriovenous malformation | Lymphoma/leukemia |
| Retro-orbital hematoma Lymphangioma | Extraorbital lesions extending into extraconal space |
| Schwannoma | Infections (cellulitis, sinusitis) |
| Sarcoidosis | Mucocele |
| Erdheim-Chester disease | Metastasis |
| Coloboma | Sinonasal tumors |
| Metastasis | Squamous cell carcinoma |
| Melanoma | Olfactory neuroblastoma |
| Carotid-cavernous fistula | Lymphoma |
| Adenocarcinoma | |
| Adenoid cystic carcinoma | |
| Meningioma | |
| Hemangiopericytoma | |
| Lacrimal gland lesions | |
| Pleomorphic adenoma | |
| Adenoid cystic carcinoma | |
| Lymphoma/leukemia |