Table 2. Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and total and domain CASI scores in non-diabetic and diabetic men.
| Measure | Non-Diabetic (n = 616) | Diabetic (n = 191) | P-value | ||||
| Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) | Range | Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) | Range | ||
| Glucose, mmol/L | 5.2 (0.5) | 5.2 (4.9–5.6) | 3.7–6.9 | 7.1 (1.8) | 7.0 (6.1–7.6) | 2.5–14.9 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c, %a | 5.6 (0.4) | 5.6 (5.4–5.9) | 4.3–6.4 | 7.0 (1.0) | 6.8 (6.5–7.4) | 5.0–12.9 | <0.001 |
| CASI score (/100 points) | 91.1 (5.7) | 92 (88–95) | 66–100 | 90.0 (6.2) | 91 (87–94) | 63–100 | 0.024 |
| Attention (/8 points) | 7.0 (1.0) | 7 (6–8) | 3–8 | 6.8 (1.0) | 7 (6–8) | 5–8 | 0.145 |
| Concentration (/10 points) | 9.0 (1.4) | 10 (8–10) | 1–10 | 8.7 (1.7) | 10 (8–10) | 1–10 | 0.017 |
| Orientation (/18 points) | 17.7 (0.9) | 18 (18–18) | 7–18 | 17.7 (1.0) | 18 (18–18) | 9–18 | 0.654 |
| Short-term memory (/12 points) | 9.5 (2.1) | 10 (8–11) | 1–12 | 9.1 (2.2) | 10 (8–11) | 3–12 | 0.033 |
| Long-term memory (/10 points) | 10.0 (0.3) | 10 (10–10) | 8–10 | 9.9 (0.4) | 10 (10–10) | 7–10 | 0.441 |
| Language (/10 points) | 9.8 (0.5) | 10 (10–10) | 7–10 | 9.8 (0.7) | 10 (10–10) | 5–10 | 0.232 |
| Visual construction (/10 points) | 9.8 (0.8) | 10 (10–10) | 0–10 | 9.8 (0.4) | 10 (10–10) | 8–10 | 0.594 |
| List-generating fluency (/10 points) | 8.8 (1.6) | 10 (8–10) | 0–10 | 8.8 (1.6) | 9 (8–10) | 2–10 | 0.752 |
| Abstraction (/12 points) | 9.5 (1.8) | 10 (9–11) | 3–12 | 9.4 (1.8) | 10 (8–11) | 4–12 | 0.392 |
CASI, Cognitive Ability Screening Instrument; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A1c; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.
The maximum points allotted for CASI and its domains are indicated (eg /10 points).
P-value was derived from student’s t-test and is for the difference between non-diabetic and diabetic groups.
For conversion of glucose from mmol/L to mg/dL, multiply by 18.
aNGSP HbA1c levels. To convert to IFCC HbA1c values: IFCC (mmol/mol) = 10.93 × NGSP (%) − 23.50.