Table 2. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incidence of new-onset overweight associated with consumption of plain water intake per day in the 5-year period cohort: CHNS 2006–2011.

Variables		Cups/day	N (%)	Casesa	OR (95% CI)
					Model 1b	Model 2c	Model 3d	Model 4e	Model 5f
Total			3,200 (100)	1,018
		0–1	684 (21.4)	221	0.874 (0.809, 0.944)	0.887 (0.719, 1.094)	0.902 (0.730, 1.114)	0.883 (0.721, 1.081)	0.883 (0.721, 1.081)
		2–3	1,257 (39.3)	444	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
		4–5	913 (28.5)	270	0.769 (0.633, 0.933)	0.744 (0.617, 0.896)	0.743 (0.616, 0.896)	0.750 (0.622, 0.904)	0.741 (0.599, 0.916)
		≥6	346 (10.8)	83	0.578 (0.453, 0.736)	0.534 (0.405, 0.705)	0.530 (0.401, 0.701)	0.540 (0.409, 0.713)	0.547 (0.435, 0.687)
	P-value				<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
Gender
	Men		1,498 (100)	466
		0–1	338 (22.6)	101	0.768 (0.684, 0.861)	0.791 (0.578, 1.083)	0.818 (0.596, 1.121)	0.777 (0.575, 1.051)	0.777 (0.575, 1.051)
		2–3	549 (36.6)	196	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
		4–5	439 (29.3)	124	0.709 (0.523, 0.954)	0.654 (0.494, 0.866)	0.655 (0.494, 0.869)	0.676 (0.511, 0.894)	0.654 (0.485, 0.883)
		≥6	172 (11.5)	45	0.638 (0.473, 0.862)	0.532 (0.357, 0.792)	0.537 (0.360, 0.802)	0.560 (0.377, 0.833)	0.557 (0.422, 0.735)
	P-value				0.011	0.003	0.003	0.007	0.007
	Women		1,702 (100)	552
		0–1	346 (20.3)	120	0.985 (0.782, 1.240)	0.972 (0.727, 1.299)	0.999 (0.745, 1.340)	1.013 (0.766, 1.339)	0.977 (0.782, 1.221)
		2–3	708 (41.6)	248	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
		4–5	474 (27.8)	146	0.826 (0.727, 0.938)	0.816 (0.632, 1.052)	0.813 (0.628, 1.051)	0.820 (0.634, 1.059)	0.822 (0.716, 0.943)
		≥6	174 (10.2)	38	0.518 (0.383, 0.701)	0.512 (0.344, 0.763)	0.506 (0.339, 0.756)	0.515 (0.345, 0.768)	0.509 (0.379, 0.683)
	P-value				0.008	0.007	0.005	0.006	0.006

BMI, body mass index; CHNS, China Health and Nutrition Survey; N, number of participants.

^aNumber of participants who developed overweight within the five-year follow-up.

^bModel 1: Unadjusted OR.

^cModel 2: Adjusted for the age and baseline BMI, urbanization, education level, smoke status as well as changes in cigarettes consumption, sedentary time, sleep duration, and household income.

^dModel 3: Adjusted for all variables in Model 2 as well as changes in physical activity, rice, wheat, fruits, vegetables, all red meats and its products, and poultry.

^eModel 4: Adjusted for all variables in Model 2 as well as changes in physical activity, intake of tea, coffee, CBSDs, non-CBSDs, sugar juice, grape wine, liquor and beer.

^fModel 5: Adjusted for all variables in Model 2 as well as changes in physical activity and total energy intake.