Table 2.

Incidence of diabetes according to the main exposure factors present in the cross-sectional study.

	N° at risk	n° developing diabetes	person/years	Incidence rate per 1000 person-years (95% CI)	ORa (95% CI)	ORb (95% CI)
All sample	2408	156	18088	8.6 (7.3–10.1)	—	—
Sex
Women	1451	81	10883	7.4 (5.9–9.3)	Ref. cat.	Ref. cat.
Men	957	75	7205	10.4 (8.2–13)	1.5 (1.1–2.1)	2.7 (1.6–4.5)
OGTT result
Normoglycemia	2115	75	15892	4.7 (3.7–5.9)	Ref. cat.	Ref. cat.
Isolated IGT	154	35	1156	30.3 (21.1–42.1)	10.8 (5.7–20.2)	7.9 (4–15.5)
Isolated IFG	102	27	761	35.5 (23.4–51.6)	14.4 (7.5–27.6)	11.7 (5.9–23.3)
Combined IFG-IGT	37	19	278	68.3 (41.1–106.6)	42.3 (16.3–109.5)	48.8 (17.1–139.8)
P for trend					<0.0001	<0.0001
Obesity
BMI < 25 kg/m2	749	15	5628	2.7 (1.5–4.4)	Ref. cat.	Ref. cat.
BMI 25–30 kg/m2	1018	57	7662	7.4 (5.6–9.6)	1.9 (0.9–3.9)	1.2 (0.6–2.3)
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2	626	82	4691	17.5 (13.9–21.7)	4.6 (2.3–9.2)	2.3 (1.1–4.6)
P for trend					<0.0001	<0.0001
Central obesity (Waist ≥94 cm in men and ≥80 cm in women)
No	718	8	5400	1.5 (0.6–2.9)	Ref. cat.	Ref. cat.
Yes	1677	146	12596	11.6 (9.8–13.6)	10.6 (2.6–43.5)	3.4 (1.5–7.8)
Family History of diabetes (first-degree relatives)
No	1569	73	11794	6.2 (4.9–7.8)	Ref. cat.	Ref. cat.
Yes	839	83	6294	13.2 (10.5–16.3)	2.4 (1.5–3.9)	2.3 (1.6–3.3)

^aORs were calculated for each variable by logistic regression adjusted for age and sex (sex was adjusted for age).

^bORs were calculated using a single logistic regression model (all variables listed are introduced in the analysis at once) and additionally adjusted for presence of high blood pressure, level of physical activity (IPAQ), education level, and Mediterranean diet score. Ref. cat. = Reference category.