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. 2020 Jan 22;10:25. doi: 10.1038/s41398-020-0719-8

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a–e MWM tests assessing capacities of rats to be trained to find the hidden platform (n = 10). Latency of rats to find the platform was recorded and analyzed during the training days (a). On the test day, based on their respective moving tracks (b), number of times crossing the hidden platform (c) and distance traveled in the target quadrant (d) were counted at PND 61. The total distance traveled was also recorded to evaluate the locomotor movement of rats (e). f Y-maze test assessing capacities of rats to perform the spontaneous alteration (n = 10). Spontaneous alteration percentages of each group, as well as their respective moving tracks are shown. Ctrl non-treated rats, Pb lead-treated rats, Pb+prob lead and probiotics-treated rats, prob probiotics-treated rats. The data are represented as mean ± SEM; ***p < 0.001, *p < 0.05. For a, repeated-measures ANOVA was performed and asterisk (*) refers to the significance of differences between the Pb and Ctrl groups on the indicated training day.