Fig. 7.

Mechanistic highlights of DJ-1 paralogs role in the maintenance of mitochondrial health. Loss of DJ-1 paralogs results in altered redox homeostasis leading to elevation of cellular GSSG levels (1). The enhancement in the basal ROS also upregulates levels of mitochondrial fusion proteins, Fzo1, and Mgm1 promoting robust mitochondrial interconnectivity (2). Furthermore, the enhanced basal ROS level induces partial nuclear DNA damage, and together with mitochondrial hyperfusion delays cell cycle progression (3). DJ-1 paralog mediated mitochondrial phenotypic variation manifest into alterations in cell size, reduced chronological life span followed with apoptotic mediated cell death (4).