Specifications Table

Subject	Biophysics
Specific subject area	Optical Brillouin and Raman spectroscopy
Type of data	Raw and graph. The raw data are available in "Appendix A. Supplementary data" of the present article as zip file.
How data were acquired	Custom build microscope coupled with Brillouin and Raman spectrometers [6,7]
Data format	Raw
Parameters for data collection	The laser beam with λ = 532 nm and power on the sample P<3.5 mW is focalized on the single cells using UPLSAPO 60XW Olympus objective with NA1.2. In order to control the position on the cell, the Petri dish, thermalized at 37 °C, was inserted in a dedicated sample environment placed on a xyz translator stage (PI 611-3S Nanocube XYZ). Thanks to the piezoelectric control, it reaches a spatial resolution of 10 nm in a motion range of 100 μm for each axis.
Description of data collection	The Raman spectra were acquired by RM- Horiba iHR320 Triax using a 600 grooves mm−1 grating and an N2 cooled CCD detector (1024 × 256 pixels). The acquisition of Raman spectra up to 3000 cm−1 frequency shift is possible in this condition. At the same time, the High Contrast HC version of the Sandercock type tandem Fabry Perot (TFP-2) interferometer was used to acquire Brillouin spectra.
Data source location	IOM-CNR c/o Department of Physics and Geology University of Perugia Italy
Data accessibility	With the article