Table 1.
Patient characteristics according to caudal-type homeobox 2 status in a population-based cohort of metastatic colorectal cancer with CDX2 status available (n = 452).
| Characteristics* | Patients with CDX2 status | Missing | CDX2– | CDX2+ | CDX2– vs. CDX2+ p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total number (%) | 452 | 87 (19) | 365 (81) | ||
| Age in years, median (95% CI) | 70 (68.0, 70.2) | 70 (66.5, 71.5) | 70 (67.8, 70.3) | 0.957 | |
| Age > 75 years, n (%) | 155 (34) | 31 (36) | 124 (34) | 0.802 | |
| Female, n (%) | 229 (51) | 50 (58) | 179 (49) | 0.189 | |
| PS WHO > 1, n (%) | 152 (34) | 37 (43) | 115 (32) | 0.058 | |
| Right sided, n (%) | 177 (40) | 7 | 52 (60) | 125 (35) | <0.001 |
| Liver metastases, n (%) | 287 (64) | 49 (56) | 238 (65) | 0.137 | |
| Liver only, n (%) | 118 (26) | 14 (16) | 104 (29) | 0.018 | |
| Lung metastases, n (%) | 113 (25) | 14 (16) | 99 (27) | 0.038 | |
| Lymph node metastases, n (%) | 131 (29) | 37 (43) | 94 (26) | 0.003 | |
| Peritoneal metastases, n (%) | 88 (20) | 23 (26) | 65 (18) | 0.072 | |
| >1 metastatic site, n (%) | 262 (58) | 55 (63) | 207 (57) | 0.280 | |
| Synchronous metastases, n (%) | 244 (54) | 54 (62) | 190 (52) | 0.095 | |
| ALP high, n (%) | 222 (56) | 55 | 43 (60) | 179 (55) | 0.513 |
| Primary tumor resected, n (%) | 414 (92) | 80 (92) | 331 (92) | 1.000 | |
| Tumor grade 1, n (%) | 55 (13) | 15 | 7 (8) | 48 (14) | <0.001 |
| 2, n (%) | 288 (66) | 39 (47) | 249 (70) | ||
| 3, n (%) | 94 (22) | 37 (45) | 57 (16) | ||
| KRAS mutation, n (%) | 179 (41) | 15 | 16 (19) | 163 (46) | <0.001 |
| BRAF mutation, n (%) | 96 (21) | 9 | 51 (59) | 45 (12) | <0.001 |
| Double wild type, n (%) | 164 (38) | 15 | 18 (21) | 146 (41) | 0.001 |
| MSI-H, n (%) | 35 (8) | 11 | 21 (26) | 14 (4) | <0.001 |
| BRAFmut/MSI-H, n (%) | 30 (7) | 16 | 18 (23) | 12 (3) | <0.001 |
| BRAFmut/MSS, n (%) | 66 (15) | 33 (42) | 33 (9) | ||
| BRAFwt/MSI-H, n (%) | 5 (1) | 3 (4) | 2 (1) | ||
| BRAFwt/MSS, n (%) | 336 (77) | 25 (32) | 311 (87) | ||
| Curative metastasis surgery, n (%) | 33 (7) | 1 | 1 (1) | 32 (9) | 0.019 |
| First-line chemotherapy, n (%) | 281 (62) | 46 (53) | 235 (64) | 0.050 | |
| Combination, n (%) | 217 (77) | 34 (74) | 183 (78) | 0.567 | |
| Monotherapy, n (%) | 64 (23) | 12 (26) | 52 (22) | ||
| Second-line chemotherapy, n (%) | 162 (36) | 1 | 20 (23) | 142 (39) | 0.006 |
| Third-line chemotherapy, n (%) | 72 (16) | 1 | 2 (2) | 70 (19) | <0.001 |
| BSC only, n (%) | 170 (38) | 41 (47) | 129 (35) | 0.049 |
CDX2–, CDX2 loss; CDX2+, CDX2 expression; MSI-H, microsatellite instable high; MSS, microsatellite stable; PS ECOG, performance status score developed by Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; Right sided, site of colon cancer in ascending colon and transversum; Left sided, site of colon cancer in descending colon, sigmoid, and rectum; Metastases, at time of diagnosis of metastatic disease; Synchronous metastases, within 6 months after initial diagnose; ALP high, alkaline phosphatase >105 U/L; Double wild type, both BRAF and KRAS wild type; BRAFmut, BRAF mutated; BRAFwt, BRAF wild type; BSC, best supportive care; p-value, chi-square test except for age (t-test).
Percentage is calculated without missing values. Owing to rounding, not all percentages are 100 in total.