Table 1:
Patient baseline characteristics (N=2393), stratified by AAC level
| Characteristic | AAC 0-1 N=682 |
AAC 2-4 N=649 |
AAC 5-8 N=543 |
AAC ≥9 N=519 |
p-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 71.3 (5.1) | 73.2 (5.4) | 74.7 (6.0) | 76.0 (5.9) | <0.001 |
| Race | <0.001 | ||||
| Non-White | 87 (12.8%) | 59 (9.1%) | 34 (6.3%) | 27 (5.2%) | |
| White | 595 (87.2%) | 590 (90.9%) | 509 (93.7%) | 492 (94.8%) | |
| Education | 0.11 | ||||
| Less than high school | 35 (5.1%) | 32 (4.9%) | 38 (7.0%) | 39 (7.5%) | |
| High school | 94 (13.8%) | 126 (19.4%) | 96 (17.7%) | 94 (18.1%) | |
| Some college | 152 (22.3%) | 138 (21.3%) | 117 (21.5%) | 109 (21.0%) | |
| ≥4 years college | 401 (58.8%) | 353 (54.4%) | 292 (53.8%) | 277 (53.4%) | |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 136.5 (16.7) | 139.6 (19.0) | 142.7 (20.9) | 143.7 (19.9) | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dl, mean (SD) | 114.4 (29.1) | 112.3 (29.9) | 114.1 (31.0) | 110.1 (30.0) | 0.07 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dl, mean (SD) | 50.1 (15.5) | 49.0 (13.5) | 47.5 (14.1) | 49.1 (14.9) | 0.03 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl, median | 118.5 | 124.0 | 131.0 | 132.0 | <0.001 |
| (IQR) | (84.0, 164.5) | (91.0, 176.0) | (97.0, 189.0) | (90.0, 193.5) | |
| Current smoking (yes/no) | 15 (2.2%) | 20 (3.1%) | 21 (3.9%) | 21 (4.0%) | 0.24 |
| Angina (yes/no) | 54 (7.9%) | 80 (12.3%) | 77 (14.2%) | 108 (20.6%) | <0.001 |
| Prior MI (yes/no) | 42 (6.3%) | 88 (13.9%) | 99 (18.5%) | 111 (22.2%) | <0.001 |
| Prior stroke (yes/no) | 18 (2.6%) | 42 (6.5%) | 32 (5.9%) | 49 (9.4%) | <0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure (yes/no) | 20 (2.9%) | 30 (4.6%) | 29 (5.3%) | 46 (8.9%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus (yes/ no) | 57 (8.4%) | 66 (10.2%) | 61 (11.2%) | 76 (14.6%) | 0.006 |
| Lowest ABI, mean (SD) | 1.22 (0.15) | 1.19 (0.15) | 1.17 (0.18) | 1.11 (0.20) | <0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease (eGFR<60 ml/min) | 79 (12.5%) | 88 (14.4%) | 87 (17.6%) | 96 (19.7%) | 0.005 |
a
ANOVA (or non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test) for continuous variables, chi-square for categorical variables
AAC, abdominal aortic calcification; MI, myocardial infarction; ABI, ankle-brachial index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate