Table 2. Medications at pre-admission, during the hospital stay, and at discharge.
| Characteristics | All (N = 2258) |
HF categories | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HFrEF EF (< 40%) (n = 1268) |
HFmrEF EF (40–49%) (n = 515) |
HFpEF EF (≥ 50%) (n = 475) |
|||
| Pre-admission | |||||
| Diuretic | 1468 (65.0) | 856 (67.5) | 311 (60.3) | 301 (63.4) | 0.012 |
| Oral nitrate | 783 (34.7) | 438 (34.5) | 183 (35.5) | 162 (34.1) | 0.884 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 431 (19.1) | 149 (11.8) | 102 (29.8) | 180 (37.9) | < 0.001 |
| Aspirin | 1696 (75.1) | 968 (76.3) | 392 (76.1) | 336 (70.7) | 0.046 |
| Clopidogrel | 602 (26.7) | 359 (28.3) | 146 (28.3) | 97 (20.4) | 0.003 |
| Statin | 1561 (69.1) | 866 (68.3) | 359 (79.7) | 336 (70.7) | 0.586 |
| Beta-blocker | 1202 (53.2) | 717 (56.5) | 264 (51.3) | 221 (46.5) | < 0.001 |
| Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor | 1015 (45.0) | 624 (49.2) | 232 (45.0) | 159 (33.5) | < 0.001 |
| Angiotensin-receptor blocker | 405 (17.9) | 200 (15.8) | 89 (17.3) | 116 (24.4) | < 0.001 |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 378 (16.7) | 310 (24.4) | 39 (7.6) | 29 (6.1) | < 0.001 |
| In-hospital | |||||
| IV furosemide-bolus | 2081 (92.2) | 1171 (92.3) | 478 (92.8) | 432 (90.9) | 0.513 |
| IV furosemide-infusion | 422 (18.7) | 274 (21.6) | 85 (16.5) | 63 (13.3) | < 0.001 |
| IV nitrates-infusion | 589 (26.1) | 320 (25.2) | 151 (29.3) | 118 (24.8) | 0.161 |
| During dischargea | |||||
| Diuretic | 1970 (94.9) | 1109 (97.2) | 461 (94.1) | 400 (90.9) | < 0.001 |
| Oral nitrate | 1015 (48.8) | 564 (49.5) | 245 (50.0) | 206 (46.8) | 0.529 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 451 (21.7) | 128 (11.2) | 123 (25.1) | 200 (45.5) | < 0.001 |
| Aspirin | 1826 (87.8) | 1022 (89.6) | 440 (89.9) | 364 (82.7%) | < 0.001 |
| Clopidogrel | 951 (45.7) | 541 (47.4) | 251 (51.2) | 159 (36.1%) | < 0.001 |
| Statin | 1793 (86.2) | 978 (85.8) | 434 (88.6) | 381 (86.6%) | 0.122 |
| Beta-blocker | 1481 (71.2) | 880 (77.2) | 351 (71.6) | 250 (56.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor | 1188 (57.1) | 732 (64.2) | 275 (56.1) | 181 (41.1%) | < 0.001 |
| Angiotensin-receptor blocker | 401 (19.3) | 199 (17.5) | 94 (19.2) | 108 (24.5%) | 0.006 |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 744 (35.8) | 575 (50) | 104 (21.2) | 65 (14.8) | < 0.001 |
HFrEF: Heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (EF); HFmEF: HF with mid-range EF; HFpEF: HF with preserved EF; IV: intravenous.
aOnly included 2079 patients. Excluded those patients that died in-hospital as well as those that left the hospital against medical advice.
Data were given as n (%).