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. 2020 Feb 17;20:55. doi: 10.1186/s12903-020-1041-9

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© The Author(s). 2020

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — 3D coordinate system. a, The three-dimensional (3D) coordinate system of the palatal morphology. U1’, The origin; Plane XY, the horizontal plane; Plane YZ, the sagittal plane; and Plane XZ, the coronal plane. b, The average 3D palatal morphology for each group established by the method of average calculation