Table 1.

Literature review presenting evidence for lyssavirus excretion prior to death and prior to clinical signs in experimentally inoculated bats

Lyssavirus species	Bat species	No. of successfully infected batsa	Maximum day of virus detection in oral swabs prior to death for each bat in which it was detected.	Excretion detected prior to clinical signs	References
European bat 1	Eptesicus fuscus	15	2; 7; 11; 14; 37	N.r.	Franka et al. (2008)
European bat 2	Myotis daubentonii	1	4	Yes	Johnson et al. (2008)
Khujand	Eptesicus fuscus	3	1; 4	Yes	Hughes et al. (2006)
Rabies	Eptesicus fuscus	13	2; 7	Yes	Davis, Jarvis, Pouliott, and Rudd (2013)
Rabies	Eptesicus fuscus	16	1; 1	N.r.	Jackson et al. (2008)
Rabies	Eptesicus fuscus	6	4;13	Yes	Davis, Gordy, and Bowen, (2013)
Rabies	Myotis lucifugus	2	13; 18	Yes	Davis, Jarvis, Pouliott, Morgan, and Rudd (2013)
Rabies	Myotis lucifugus	1	14	N.r.	Stamm, Kissling, and Eidson (1956)
Rabies	Desmodus rotundus	26	8; 9; 9; 10; 10; 11; 11; 12; 12; 12, 13	Yes	Moreno and Baer (1980)
Rabies	Tadarida brasiliensis	24	3; 5; 5; 6; 7; 7; 10; 11; 11; 12; 14; 14; 15; 15; 15; 16; 16; 20	Yes	Baer and Bales (1967)

Abbreviation: N.r., not recorded in the study.

^aThe number of bats in the experiments for which rabies was confirmed by lyssavirus detection in the brain.