Table 1.
Baseline demographics
| Female (n = 285) | Male (n = 480) | p value | Adjusted p‐valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 76 (±8) | 72 (±9) | .001 | .993 |
| Acute coronary syndrome/urgent | 184 (64.6%) | 227 (47.3%) | .001 | .647 |
| Diabetes | 95 (33%) | 165 (34%) | .190 | .985 |
| Hypertension | 211 (80%) | 300 (67%) | .002 | .979 |
| Previous cardiovascular event | 56 (21%) | 106 (23.9%) | .716 | .980 |
| Previous CABG | 23 (8.1%) | 76 (16%) | .002 | .963 |
| Advanced renal diseasea | 19 (7.2%) | 40 (9.2%) | .359 | .962 |
| Left ventricular function | .939 | .996 | ||
| Good (ejection fraction >50%) | 60 (39%) | 95 (37%) | ||
| Moderate (30–50%) | 67 (43%) | 114 (44%) | ||
| Poor (ejection fraction <30%) | 28 (18%) | 48 (19%) | ||
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 117 (±14) | 132 (±18) | .001 | <.986 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 104 (±78) | 116 (±94) | .099 | .616 |
| Procedural characteristics | ||||
| Radial approach | 214 (75%) | 409 (85%) | .001 | .913 |
| Access size ≥7 Frenchb | 76 (26.7%) | 151 (31.5%) | .161 | .973 |
| High volume RA operator (>75 cases) | 227 (80%) | 397 (83%) | .291 | .404 |
| Intravascular ultrasound guidance | 48 (16.8%) | 120 (25%) | .008 | .993 |
| No of vessels treated | .184 | .998 | ||
| 1 | 235 (84%) | 384 (80%) | ||
| 2 | 32 (11%) | 74 (16%) | ||
| 3 | 14 (5%) | 20 (4%) | ||
| Maximum burr size (>1.5 mm) | 81 (30%) | 181 (40%) | .018 | .951 |
| Lesion location | ||||
| Left main | 82 (28.2%) | 127 (27%) | .487 | .988 |
| Left anterior descending | 122 (43%) | 237 (49%) | .199 | .640 |
| Circumflex | 48 (17%) | 89 (18%) | .689 | .769 |
| Right | 88 (31%) | 137 (29%) | .237 | .524 |
| Bypass graft | 1 (0.4%) | 2 (0.4%) | .888 | .995 |
| Glycoprotein 2B/3A use | 31 (11%) | 59 (12%) | .830 | .667 |
| Intra‐aortic balloon pump | 5 (1.8%) | 12 (2.5%) | .499 | .293 |
| Temporary pacing line | 1 (0.4%) | 3 (0.6%) | .611 | .996 |
Notes: Data are mean (SD) and number (%). Significance determined by one‐way ANOVA or Pearson‐Chi square test for categorical variables.
Abbreviations: CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CKD, chronic kidney disease; IABP, intraaortic balloon pump prior to procedure; IVUS, intravascular ultrasound imaging guidance; TPL, temporary pacing line insertion prior to procedure.
Advanced renal disease defined as renal replacement therapy or serum creatinine >200 mmol/L (2.26 mg/dL).
a
Sheathless guiding catheters are considered by their external diameter and related arteriotomy size (e.g., Asahi Eaucath 7.5F occupies <7F external diameter).
b
Propensity score adjusted significance of female versus male groups.