Table A1.

Example indicators used for measuring the nine dimensions of cohesion

Dimension of cohesion	Example indicator
Social networks	How likely is it that you will easily ask for help from your neighbours, friends or co‐workers?
Trust in people	In general, you can trust people.
Acceptance of diversity	I have meaningful interactions with people from different backgrounds.
Identification	I see myself as a citizen of Kyrgyzstan.
Trust in institutions	How much do you generally trust the rayon administration and services?
Perception of fairness	I think the ayil kanesh and aiyl okmotu treat all types of people fairly.
Solidarity and helpfulness	Did you give any non‐financial help (e.g. homework or baby care, repairing house, preparing celebrations) during the last 12 months?
Respect for social rules	I feel safe when walking alone in the neighbourhood during the night.
Civic participation	In general, how interested in politics are you?

Notes. Ayil kenesh = village parliament; Ayil okmotu = village executive body; Rayon = district. A complete list of the 42 indicators can be found in tables A1–A9 of Larsen and Boehnke (2016, pp. 46–48).