Table 4.
Adjusted and Unadjusted Relative Risks, of Femur, Lower Leg (Excluding Ankle), and Ankle Fracture in Postmenopausal Women in the Million Women Study According to Excess MET‐Hours of Walking, Housework, Gardening, and Cycling, Reported at 3‐Year Resurvey
| Femur | Lower leg (except) | Ankle | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Incident cases | Minimally adjusted | RR fully adjusted RR (99% gsCI) | Incident cases | Minimally adjusted | RR fully adjusted RR (99% gsCI) | Incident cases | Minimally adjusted | RR fully adjusted RR (99% gsCI) |
| Walking | |||||||||
| ≤1 eMET‐hoursa | 123 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.83–1.20) | 173 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.86–1.17) | 438 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.91–1.10) |
| >1–5 eMET‐hours | 135 | 0.57 | 0.62 (0.52–0.74) | 283 | 0.82 | 0.85 (0.76–0.96) | 910 | 1.03 | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) |
| >5–9 eMET‐hours | 90 | 0.60 | 0.66 (0.54–0.81) | 194 | 0.91 | 0.96 (0.83–1.10) | 556 | 1.03 | 1.07 (0.99–1.17) |
| >9–13 eMET‐hours | 83 | 0.55 | 0.61 (0.49–0.75) | 164 | 0.77 | 0.82 (0.70–0.95) | 536 | 0.99 | 1.05 (0.96–1.14) |
| >13 eMET‐hours | 186 | 0.59 | 0.63 (0.54–0.73) | 370 | 0.85 | 0.90 (0.81–1.00) | 1189 | 1.08 | 1.15 (1.09–1.22) |
| p (heterogeneity) | <0.001 | 0.29 | 0.07 | ||||||
| Housework | |||||||||
| ≤1 eMET‐hoursa | 54 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.76–1.31) | 89 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.81–1.23) | 265 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.89–1.13) |
| >1–5 eMET‐hours | 20 | 0.96 | 0.99 (0.64–1.54) | 43 | 1.06 | 1.08 (0.80–1.46) | 165 | 1.35 | 1.31 (1.12–1.53) |
| >5–9 eMET‐hours | 22 | 1.09 | 1.15 (0.76–1.74) | 47 | 1.25 | 1.27 (0.96–1.70) | 132 | 1.16 | 1.14 (0.96–1.35) |
| >9–13 eMET‐hours | 51 | 0.92 | 0.96 (0.73–1.27) | 116 | 1.14 | 1.16 (0.96–1.39) | 341 | 1.11 | 1.09 (0.98–1.22) |
| >13 eMET‐hours | 470 | 0.85 | 0.86 (0.78–0.95) | 889 | 0.94 | 0.96 (0.90–1.03) | 2726 | 0.96 | 0.97 (0.93–1.01) |
| p (heterogeneity) | 0.54 | 0.19 | 0.001 | ||||||
| Gardening | |||||||||
| ≤1 eMET‐hoursa | 145 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.84–1.19) | 251 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.88–1.14) | 765 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.93–1.08) |
| >1–5 eMET‐hours | 196 | 0.77 | 0.87 (0.75–1.00) | 383 | 0.83 | 0.88 (0.79–0.97) | 1217 | 0.86 | 0.87 (0.83–0.93) |
| >5–9 eMET‐hours | 84 | 0.66 | 0.74 (0.60–0.92) | 202 | 0.91 | 0.96 (0.84–1.10) | 628 | 0.92 | 0.94 (0.87–1.02) |
| >9–13 eMET‐hours | 52 | 0.61 | 0.69 (0.53–0.91) | 137 | 0.96 | 1.01 (0.85–1.19) | 357 | 0.82 | 0.84 (0.75–0.93) |
| >13 eMET‐hours | 140 | 0.94 | 1.04 (0.88–1.23) | 211 | 0.85 | 0.90 (0.78–1.03) | 662 | 0.87 | 0.89 (0.82–0.96) |
| p (heterogeneity) | 0.02 | 0.42 | 0.02 | ||||||
| Cycling | |||||||||
| ≤1 eMET‐hoursa | 552 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.91–1.10) | 1034 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.93–1.07) | 3225 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.96–1.04) |
| >1–5 eMET‐hours | 8 | 0.71 | 0.83 (0.41–1.65) | 23 | 0.96 | 1.02 (0.68–1.54) | 68 | 0.90 | 0.92 (0.72–1.16) |
| >5–9 eMET‐hours | 20 | 1.02 | 1.18 (0.76–1.83) | 41 | 1.03 | 1.08 (0.80–1.47) | 110 | 0.87 | 0.89 (0.74–1.07) |
| >9–13 eMET‐hours | 15 | 0.92 | 1.04 (0.63–1.73) | 33 | 1.00 | 1.05 (0.75–1.48) | 94 | 0.90 | 0.92 (0.76–1.13) |
| >13 eMET‐hours | 22 | 1.08 | 1.14 (0.75–1.74) | 53 | 1.31 | 1.33 (1.02–1.75) | 132 | 1.02 | 1.04 (0.88–1.23) |
| p (heterogeneity) | 0.88 | 0.41 | 0.61 | ||||||
An average of 12 years follow‐up per woman. Restricted to women reporting that they were in good or excellent health. Stratified by year of birth and study baseline year, adjusted for attained age, region, deprivation, educational qualifications, self‐reported health status, height, smoking, alcohol, BMI, menopausal hormone therapy, time spent sleeping, self‐reported history of fracture, osteoporosis, blood clots, osteoid/rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disease, and diabetes, and mutually adjusted for other activities.
eMET‐hours = excess MET‐hours; gsCI = group‐specific confidence interval; RR = relative risk.
Reference category.