Table 1.
Demographic and socio-behavioral characteristics and DM disease status of the study population (N=900)
| Variables | Healthy | IGT | T2DM | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N=541) | (N=117) | (N=242) | ||
| Age(years) | 40 (26,57) | 58 (43, 69) | 56 (43, 70) | <0.001** |
| Age groups | ||||
| <45 | 323(59.70) | 31(26.50) | 66(27.27) | <0.001** |
| 45-65 | 150(27.73) | 45(38.46) | 96(39.67) | |
| >65 | 68(12.57) | 41(35.04) | 80(33.06) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Men | 264(48.80) | 53(45.30) | 112(46.28) | 0.695 |
| Women | 277(51.20) | 64(54.70) | 130(53.72) | |
| Race | ||||
| Mexican American | 65(12.01) | 17(14.53) | 30(12.40) | 0.448 |
| Other Hispanic | 579(10.54) | 11(9.40) | 17(7.02) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 238(43.99) | 47(40.17) | 94(38.84) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 98(18.11) | 23(19.66) | 60(24.79) | |
| Other Race | 83(15.34) | 19(16.24) | 41(16.94) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.70±6.69 | 29.98±8.07 | 30.17±7.81 | <0.001** |
| Education | ||||
| Less than 9th grade | 41(7.96) | 13(11.11) | 20(8.62) | 0.406 |
| 9-11th grade | 93(18.06) | 20(17.09) | 51(21.98) | |
| High school graduate | 102(19.81) | 27(23.08) | 54(23.28) | |
| Some college/AA degree | 155(30.10) | 30(25.64) | 50(21.55) | |
| College graduate | 124(24.08) | 27(23.08) | 57(24.57) | |
| Ratio of Family Income to Poverty | ||||
| Under standard level | 412(76.16) | 89(76.07) | 180(74.38) | 0.862 |
| Above standard level | 129(23.84) | 28(23.93) | 62(25.62) | |
| Smoking | ||||
| Yes | 125(24.13) | 17(14.91) | 40(20.20) | 0.078 |
| No | 393(75.87) | 97(85.09) | 158(79.80) | |
| Hypertension | ||||
| Yes | 142(26.25) | 61(52.14) | 117(48.55) | <0.001** |
| No | 399(73.75) | 56(47.86) | 124(51.45) | |
| Exercise | ||||
| <150min | 124(22.92) | 22(18.80) | 39(16.12) | 0.082 |
| >=150min | 417(77.08) | 95(81.20) | 203(83.88) | |
Note:
*
, P< 0.05;
**
, P <0.01.