. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 1.

Published in final edited form as: IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2019 Nov 6;28(1):165–173. doi: 10.1109/TNSRE.2019.2952076

TABLE IV.

The MEA Measured in Sit-to-Stand Transitions and Daily Routine Activities by Healthy Volunteers and Post-Sternotomy Patients

		MEA (°)
		healthy	patients	p
Sit-to-stand transitions	Arm relaxed	5.5 ± 1.1	9.0 ± 1.5	0.044
	Armrest push-up	8.6 ± 1.6	N/A
	Arm crossed	2.2 ± 0.5	4.3 ± 1.3	0.069
Daily routine activities	Walking	2.3 ± 0.3	3.3 ± 1.0	0.025
	Sitting	0.4 ± 0.1	0.6 ± 0.2	0.060
	Standing	0.2 ± 0.1	1.3 ± 0.4	0.016

Each MEA value in this table is presented as mean ± SEM. ‘N/A’ represents no information presented, since post-sternotomy patients did not perform sit-to-stand transition with an armrest push-up strategy considering safety issues.