| Study ID | Intervention category | Intervention arm | Control arm | Follow‐up period | ||||
| Baseline prevalence | Follow‐up prevalence | Cluster No. | Baseline prevalence | Follow‐up prevalence | Cluster No. | |||
| One year or less follow‐up | ||||||||
| Rabinowitz 1974 | I | 27% % smokers, occasional to > pack/day use |
16% % smokers, occasional to > pack/day use |
18 classes in 6 schools total | 25% % smokers, occasional to > pack/day use |
26% % smokers, occasional to > pack/day use |
18 classes in 6 schools total | 6 mths |
| Campbell 2008 | SI | 5% % past week smoking |
12.49% (10.22 ‐ 14.76) % weekly smokers (CI). At least a cigarette in last 7 days |
30 | 7% % past week smoking |
15.13% (12.75 – 17.50) % weekly smokers (CI). At least a cigarette in last 7 days |
29 | 1 yr |
| Dijkstra 1999 (DM + no B) | SI | 13.5% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
21.30% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
8 | 8% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
19.70% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
5 | 1 yr |
| Dijkstra 1999 (DM + B) | SI | 13.5% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
21.20% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
8 | 8% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
19.70% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
5 | 1 yr |
| Dijkstra 1999 (SI + no B) | SI | 7.5% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
19.40% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
8 | 8% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
19.70% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
5 | 1 yr |
| Dijkstra 1999 (SI + B) | SI | 7.5% daily) |
11.2% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
8 | 8% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
19.70% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
5 | 1 yr |
| Elder 1993 | SI | 5.7% past month prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco. Any use. |
10.2% past month prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco. Any use. |
11 | 6.4% past month prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco. Any use. |
11.40% past month prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco. Any use. |
11 | 1 yr |
| Gindre 1995 | SI | 1.3% % smokers from Q:Do you smoke? n= 47/3651 |
1.0% % smokers from Q:Do you smoke? n= 37/3651 |
3 groups of secondary schools and linked feeders | 1.5% % smokers from Q:Do you smoke? n= 48/3183 |
2.10% % smokers from Q:Do you smoke? n= 48/3183 |
1 group of secondary schools and linked feeders | 1 yr |
| Hedman 2010 (Lecture) | SI | 4% % smokers based on question Do you smoke y/n |
5% % smokers based on question Do you smoke y/n |
17 dental practices total | 8% % smokers based on question Do you smoke y/n |
7% % smokers based on question Do you smoke y/n |
17 dental practices total | 8 mths |
| Hedman 2010 (Interview) | SI | 4% % smokers based on question Do you smoke y/n |
4% % smokers based on question Do you smoke y/n |
17 dental practices total | 8% % smokers based on question Do you smoke y/n |
7% % smokers based on question Do you smoke y/n |
17 dental practices total | 8 mths |
| Laniado‐Laborín 1993 | SI | 38.3% smoking prevalence in the last 12 months |
8.10% smoking prevalence in the last 12 months |
6 classes from 6 schools total | 23.3% smoking prevalence in the last 12 months |
20.0% smoking prevalence in the last 12 months |
6 classes from 6 schools total | 10 mths |
| Lloyd 1983 | SI | 10.4% smokers, last four weeks | 18.7% smokers, last four weeks |
44 | 9.10% smokers, last four weeks | 15.70% smokers, last four weeks | 44 | 1 yr |
| Lotrean 2010 | SI | 7.5% smoker (at least once per week) |
12.00% smoker (at least once per week) |
10 | 8.0% smoker (at least once per week) |
17.5% smoker (at least once per week) |
10.00% | 6 mths |
| McCambridge 2011 | SI | 32% % smokers (use over last month) |
31% % smokers (use over last month) |
6 | 24% % smokers (use over last month) |
25% % smokers (use over last month) |
6 | 1 yr |
| Noland 1998 | SI | 51.1 (3.3) mean % ever use (mean adjusted for involvement in tobacco production) |
68.7 (1.8) mean % ever use (mean adjusted for involvement in tobacco production) |
10 | 51.4 (2.3) mean % ever use (mean adjusted for involvement in tobacco production) |
68.2 (1.9) mean % ever use (mean adjusted for involvement in tobacco production) |
9 | 1 yr |
| Perry 2009 | SI | 3.9 (2.7 ‐ 5.1) % any tobacco use (CI). SAS and PROC MIXED regression models |
2.2 (1.6 ‐ 2.8) % any tobacco use (CI). SAS and PROC MIXED regression models |
16 | 3.6 (2.4 ‐ 4.8)) % any tobacco use (CI). SAS and PROC MIXED regression models |
2.2 (1.6 ‐ 2.8) % any tobacco use (CI). SAS and PROC MIXED regression models |
16 | 1 yr |
| Ringwalt 2009a | SI | 13.8% lifetime % use yes/no | 23.40% lifetime % use yes/no | 17 | 10.7% lifetime % use yes/no | 18.60% lifetime % use yes/no | 17 | 1 yr |
| Werch 2005 | SI | 0.38 (0.08) mean (SE) 30 day cigarette use (scale from 1‐2 days to 30 days) |
0.36 (0.09) mean (SE) 30 day cigarette use (scale from 1‐2 days to 30 days) |
No clusters | 0.56 (0.08) mean (SE) 30 day cigarette use (scale from 1‐2 days to 30 days) |
0.77 (0.09) mean (SE) 30 day cigarette use (scale from 1‐2 days to 30 days) |
No clusters | 1 yr |
| Botvin 2001 | C | 1.36 (1.05) mean (SE) smoking freq, 1 = never to 9 = > 1 per day |
1.73 (0.04) mean (SE) adjusted for gender, race, % program completed, free lunch, baseline use |
16 | 1.32 (0.97) mean (SE) smoking freq, 1 = never to 9 = > 1 per day |
1.94 (0.05) mean (SE) adjusted for gender, race, % program completed, free lunch, baseline use |
13 | 1 yr |
| Sussman 1995 TND1 CHS C | SI & SC | 56.5% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
51.7% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
7 | 56.5% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
48.6% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
3.5 | 1 yr |
| Sussman 1995 TND1 CHS SAC | SI & SC | 60.0% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
55.70% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
7 | 56.5% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
48.6% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
3.5 | 1 yr |
| Longest Follow‐up (over 1 year) | ||||||||
| Campbell 2008 | SI | 5% % past week smoking |
18.95% (16.50 ‐ 21.40) % weekly smokers (CI). At least a cigarette in last 7 days |
30 | 7% % past week smoking |
21.74% (19.37 ‐ 4.12) % weekly smokers (CI). At least a cigarette in last 7 days |
29 | 2 yrs |
| Chatrou 1999 | SI | 7.4% % smoker (at least one cigarette per week & experimenters) |
28.40% % smoker (at least one cigarette per week & experimenters) |
13 classes | 11% % smoker (at least one cigarette per week & experimenters) |
34.70% % smoker (at least one cigarette per week & experimenters) |
20 classes | 18 mths |
| Dijkstra 1999 (DM + no B) | SI | 13.5% daily) |
23.90% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
8 | 8% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
21.30% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
5 | 18 mths |
| Dijkstra 1999 (DM + B) | SI | 13.5% daily) |
20.50% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
8 | 8% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
21.30% aily) |
5 | 18 mths |
| Dijkstra 1999 (SI + no B) | SI | 7.5% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
21.20% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
8 | 8% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
21.30% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
5 | 18 mths |
| Dijkstra 1999 (SI + B) | SI | 7.5% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
15.00% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
8 | 8% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
21.30% smoker (occasional, weekly & daily) |
5 | 18 mths |
| Elder 1993 | SI | 5.7% past month prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco. Any use. |
14.2% past month prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco. Any use. |
11 | 6.4% past month prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco. Any use. |
22.50% past month prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco. Any use. |
11 | 3 yrs |
| Murray 1992 (MSPP) | SI | 1.78% weekly smoking prevalence |
1.78% weekly smoking prevalence |
18 | 0.73% weekly smoking prevalence |
10.60% weekly smoking prevalence |
23 | 3yrs |
| Murray 1992 (SFG) | SI | 1.85% weekly smoking prevalence |
13% weekly smoking prevalence |
20 | 0.73% weekly smoking prevalence |
10.60% weekly smoking prevalence |
23 | 3yrs |
| Murray 1992 (MDEG) | SI | 1.70% weekly smoking prevalence |
11.60% weekly smoking prevalence |
20 | 0.73% weekly smoking prevalence |
10.60% weekly smoking prevalence |
23 | 3yrs |
| Noland 1998 | SI | 51.1 (3.3) mean % ever use (mean adjusted for involvement in tobacco production) |
72.2 (1.7) mean % ever use (mean adjusted for involvement in tobacco production) |
10 | 51.4 (2.3) mean % ever use (mean adjusted for involvement in tobacco production) |
77.00 (1.8) mean % ever use (mean adjusted for involvement in tobacco production) |
9 | 2 yr |
| Ringwalt 2009a | SI | 13.8% lifetime % use yes/no | 28.90% lifetime % use yes/no | 17 | 10.7% lifetime % use yes/no | 24% lifetime % use yes/no | 17 | 3 yrs |
| Scholz 2000 (G, male) | SI | 95.6% % never‐smokers |
84.40% % never‐smokers |
8 | 93.8% % never‐smokers |
73.60% % never‐smokers |
7 | 2 Yrs |
| Scholz 2000 (G, female) | SI | 94.90% % never‐smokers |
74.90% % never‐smokers |
8 | 93.20% % never‐smokers |
66.90% % never‐smokers |
7 | 2 Yrs |
| Scholz 2000 (R, male) | SI | 91.50% % never‐smokers |
78.30% % never‐smokers |
7 | 85.70% % never‐smokers |
66.30% % never‐smokers |
6 | 2 Yrs |
| Scholz 2000 (R, female) | SI | 89.70% % never‐smokers |
74.80% % never‐smokers |
7 | 90.60% % never‐smokers |
73.40% % never‐smokers |
6 | 2 Yrs |
| Botvin 1990a (Workshop) | C | 1.10 (0.02) mean (SE) current smoking (10 point scale) |
1.46 (0.04) covariate adjusted mean (SE). Adjusted for pre‐test | 18 | 1.10 (0.01) mean (SE) current smoking (10 point scale) |
1.63 (0.03) covariate adjusted mean (SE). Adjusted for pre‐test | 10.5 | 3yrs |
| Botvin 1990a (Video) | C | 1.09 (0.01) mean (SE) current smoking (10 point scale) |
1.50 (0.04) covariate adjusted mean (SE). Adjusted for pre‐test | 17 | 1.10 (0.01) mean (SE) current smoking (10 point scale) |
1.63 (0.03) covariate adjusted mean (SE). Adjusted for pre‐test | 10.5 | 3yrs |
| Jøsendal 1998 (P + T) | C | 6.8% % smoker, any frequency |
31.5% % smoker, any frequency |
25 | 7.20% % smoker, any frequency |
41.70% % smoker, any frequency |
8.33 | 2.5 yrs |
| Jøsendal 1998 (P) | C | 8.4% % smoker, any frequency |
31.70% % smoker, any frequency |
25 | 7.20% % smoker, any frequency |
41.70% % smoker, any frequency |
8.33 | 2.5 yrs |
| Jøsendal 1998 (T) | C | 10.10% % smoker, any frequency |
37.30% % smoker, any frequency |
25 | 7.20% % smoker, any frequency |
41.70% % smoker, any frequency |
8.33 | 2.5 yrs |
| Sloboda 2009 | C | 6.7% % 30 day tobacco use |
28.80% % 30 day tobacco use |
41 | 6.4% % 30 day tobacco use |
19.7% % 30 day tobacco use |
45 | 4 yrs |
| Spoth 2002 (LST + SFP) | C | 0.583 (0.033) adjusted mean for cigarette initiation (SE) |
12 | 0.669 (0.035) adjusted mean for cigarette initiation (SE) |
12 | 5.5 yrs | ||
| Sussman 1995 TND1 CHS C | C | 56.5% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
76.40% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
7 | 56.5% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
68.90% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
3.5 | 5 yrs |
| Sussman 1995 TND1 CHS SAC | C | 60.0% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
68.30% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
7 | 56.5% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
68.90% % smokers (any use in last 30 days) |
3.5 | 5 yrs |
| Perry 1996 (cigarettes) | MM | 6.9% (4.9,8.9) mean % cigarette use (CI) more > 1‐2 occasions (occasionally or regularly) |
24.8% (20.2, 29.5) mean % cigarette use (CI) more > 1‐2 occasions (occasionally or regularly) |
10 school districts | 4.7% (2.6,6.7) mean % cigarette use (CI) more > 1‐2 occasions (occasionally or regularly) |
30.7% (26.0, 35.4) mean % cigarette use (CI) more > 1‐2 occasions (occasionally or regularly) |
10 school districts | 2.5 yrs |
| Schofield 2003 | MM | 3.9% % past week smoking |
17.50% % past week smoking |
12 | 4.10% % past week smoking |
20.50% % past week smoking |
10 | 2 yrs |
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