Table 2. Demographics of patients evaluated in the liver clinic at Kingston Health Sciences Centre May 2013–August 2013.
| Overall N = 442 | Cirrhosis N = 233 | No Cirrhosis N = 209 | P-value^ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) | 57 (49–62) | 59 (54–64) | 52 (41–60) | < .001 |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| • Male | 261 (59) | 150 (64) | 111 (53) | .039 |
| • Female | 181 (41) | 83 (36) | 98 (47) | |
| Income Quintile*, n (%) | ||||
| • 1 | 120 (27) | 64 (28) | 56 (27) | .516 |
| • 2 | 101 (23) | 58 (25) | 43 (21) | |
| • 3 | 82 (19) | 46 (20) | 36 (17) | |
| • 4 | 74 (17) | 33 (14) | 41 (20) | |
| • 5/Missing | 65 (15) | 32 (14) | 33 (16) | |
| Rural, n (%) | 115 (26) | 57 (25) | 58 (28) | .478 |
| Gold Standard etiology, n (%) | ||||
| • Hepatitis C | 199 (45) | 115 (49) | 84 (40) | < .001 |
| • Hepatitis B | 37 (9) | 13 (6) | 24 (11) | |
| • Alcohol-related | 45 (10) | ≤40 (<20) | ≤10 (<5) | |
| • NAFLD/Cryptogenic | 115 (26) | 40 (17) | 75 (36) | |
| • Autoimmune† | 40 (9) | 24 (10) | 16 (8) | |
| • Hemochromatosis | 6 (1) | ≤5 (<3) | ≤10 (<5) | |
| Most recent laboratory values | ||||
| Bilirubin (umol/L), median (IQR) | 15 (11–22) | 18 (13–30) | 12 (10–16) | < .001 |
| AST (U/L), median (IQR) | 40 (28–65) | 50 (34–81) | 32 (24–46) | < .001 |
| ALT (U/L), median (IQR) | 36 (23–65) | 36 (23–70) | 36 (22–59) | .245 |
| Alk-P (U/L), median (IQR) | 82 (65–117) | 98 (76–136) | 72 (58–89) | < .001 |
| Albumin (g/L), median (IQR) | 38 (33–41) | 35 (31–39) | 40 (37–42) | < .001 |
| INR, median (IQR) | 1.10 (1.00–1.20) | 1.20 (1.10–1.30) | 1.00 (1.00–1.10) | < .001 |
| MELD | 9 (7–12) | 10 (8–12) | 7 (6–8) | < .001 |
| Platelets (109), median (IQR) | 161 (106–220) | 119 (86–166) | 212 (175–261) | < .001 |
| History of Decompensation, n (%) | 93 (40) | 93 (40) | n/a | n/a |
| At least 1 hospitalization before clinic visit, n (%) | 311 (70) | 176 (76) | 64.6 (135) | 0.012 |
| At least 1 hospitalization within 1 year before clinic visit, n (%) | 85 (19) | 62 (27) | 23 (11) | < .001 |
| At least 1 ER visit before clinic visit, n (%) | 415 (94) | 223 (96) | 192 (92) | 0.092 |
| At least 1 ER visit within 1 year before clinic visit, n (%) | 189 (43) | 120 (52) | 69 (33) | < .001 |
^: comparing those with and without cirrhosis;
* 1 = lowest, 5 = highest;
† includes autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis
IQR: interquartile range; NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; MELD: model for end-stage liver disease; ER: emergency room.