Table 3. Prevalence and Association of BPE and Pap Test in the Past 12 Months With Selected Characteristics Among Young Women Aged 15-20 Years in the United States, 2011-2017 National Survey of Family Growtha,b.
| Characteristic | BPE | Pap Test | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence (95% CI), % | aPR (95% CI) | Prevalence (95% CI), % | aPR (95% CI) | |
| Age, y | ||||
| 15-17 | 11.2 (8.9-14.1) | 1 [Reference] | 9.9 (7.8-12.5) | 1 [Reference] |
| 18-20 | 33.7 (30.4-37.1) | 1.25 (1.08-1.45) | 27.8 (24.5-31.4) | 1.54 (1.21-1.96) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 19.6 (15.5-24.3) | 0.98 (0.83-1.15) | 16.4 (13.1-20.3) | 0.84 (0.65-1.09) |
| White, non-Hispanic | 22.6 (19.2-26.5) | 1 [Reference] | 18.7 (15.8-22.1) | 1 [Reference] |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 30.5 (24.6-37.2) | 0.94 (0.79-1.11) | 28.9 (23.5-35.1) | 1.08 (0.83-1.39) |
| Other, non-Hispanic | 21.4 (14.9-29.7) | 1.12 (0.90-1.39) | 15.0 (10.1-21.8) | 0.83 (0.60-1.13) |
| Health insurancec | ||||
| Private | 21.3 (18.3-24.6) | 1 [Reference] | 15.9 (13.4-18.9) | 1 [Reference] |
| Public | 26.3 (22.9-30.0) | 0.87 (0.78-0.97) | 24.6 (21.5-28.1) | 1.21 (0.99-1.46) |
| None | 20.4 (15.4-26.5) | 0.83 (0.72-0.97) | 18.4 (13.6-24.5) | 1.01 (0.77-1.34) |
| Factor in past 12 mo | ||||
| Pap test | ||||
| No | 7.1 (5.5-9.1) | 1 [Reference] | NA | NA |
| Yes | 89.2 (84.8-92.4) | 7.12 (5.56-9.12) | NA | NA |
| Pregnancy | ||||
| No | 19.9 (17.8-22.3) | 1 [Reference] | 16.6 (14.7-18.8) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 82.0 (74.3-87.7) | 1.70 (1.33-2.17) | 71.0 (61.7-78.8) | 2.31 (1.71-3.11) |
| STI testing | ||||
| No | 11.1 (9.2-13.5) | 1 [Reference] | 8.7 (7.0-10.7) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 64.0 (58.2-69.4) | 1.60 (1.34-1.90) | 56.1 (50.2-61.7) | 3.77 (2.87-4.95) |
| STI treatment | ||||
| No | 20.9 (18.7-23.4) | 1 [Reference] | 17.4 (15.4-19.7) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 64.9 (54.1-74.3) | 1.08 (0.87-1.35) | 57.6 (46.7-67.8) | 1.13 (0.85-1.51) |
| IUD use | ||||
| No | 21.9 (19.7-24.2) | 1 [Reference] | 18.5 (16.6-20.7) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 71.4 (55.7-83.2) | 1.61 (1.12-2.33) | 52.0 (37.1-66.5) | 1.54 (1.01-2.35) |
| Hormonal contraception use (other than IUD) | ||||
| No | 13.1 (10.9-15.7) | 1 [Reference] | 11.1 (9.0-13.6) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 42.4 (38.1-46.9) | 1.31 (1.11-1.54) | 35.3 (31.2-39.6) | 1.75 (1.42-2.16) |
Abbreviations: aPR, adjusted prevalence ratio; BPE, bimanual pelvic examination; IUD, intrauterine device; NA, not applicable; Pap test, Papanicolaou test; STI, sexually transmitted infection.
Includes 3410 respondents. For BPE, variables in the model included age group, race/ethnicity, health insurance, Pap test, pregnancy, STI testing, STI treatment, IUD use, and hormonal contraception use (other than IUD) in the past 12 months. For Pap test, variables in the model were the same except Pap test.
Analysis included female respondents aged 15 to 20 years without a personal history of gynecologic cancers regardless of medical indications for a BPE.
Respondents covered by private health insurance or Medi-Gap at the time of the survey were categorized as having private health insurance. Respondents covered by Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program, state-sponsored health plans, Medicare, military health care, or other government health care were categorized as having public health insurance. Uninsured women and women with only a single-service plan or only the Indian Health Service coverage were considered uninsured.