Table 1.

DSM cannabis use disorder (CUD) diagnostic questions in the 2002–2017 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH; Note: NSDUH lacks DSM-5 Criterion 4 “Craving” and Criterion 11 “Withdrawal”)

DSM-IV Dependence Criterion 1 and DSM-5 CUD Criterion10 (based on an affirmative response to either of the questions)

• During the past 12 months, did you need to use more marijuana or hashish than you used to in order to get the effect you wanted? • During the past 12 months, did you notice that using the same amount of marijuana or hashish had less effect on you than it used to?

DSM-IV Dependence Criterion 3 and DSM-5 Criterion 1 (based on an affirmative response to both questions)

• During the past 12 months, did you try to set limits on how often or how much marijuana or hashish you would use? • Were you able to keep to the limits you set, or did you often use marijuana or hashish more than you intended to?

DSM-IV Dependence Criterion 4 and DSM-5 CUD Criterion 2 (based on an affirmative response to the first and a negative response to the second)

• During the past 12 months, did you want to or try to cut down or stop using marijuana or hashish? • During the past 12 months, were you able to cut down or stop using marijuana or hashish every time you wanted to or tried to?

DSM-IV Dependence Criterion 5 and DSM-5 CUD Criterion 3 (based on an affirmative response to either of the questions)

• During the past 12 months, was there a month or more when you spent a lot of your time getting or using marijuana or hashish? • During the past 12 months, was there a month or more when you spent a lot of your time getting over the effects of the marijuana or hashish you used?

DSM-IV Dependence Criterion 6 and DSM-5 CUD Criterion 7 (based on an affirmative response to the question)

• This question is about important activities such as working, going to school, taking care of children, doing fun things such as hobbies and sports, and spending time with friends and family. During the past 12 months, did using marijuana or hashish cause you to give up or spend less time doing these types of important activities?

DSM-IV Dependence Criterion 7 and DSM-5 CUD Criterion 9 (based on an affirmative response to both questions)

• During the past 12 months, did you have any problems with your emotions, nerves, or mental health that were probably caused or made worse by your use of marijuana or hashish? • Did you continue to use marijuana or hashish even though you thought it was causing you to have problems with your emotions, nerves, or mental health?

(or based on an affirmative response to both questions)

• During the past 12 months, did you have any physical health problems that were probably caused or made worse by your use of marijuana or hashish? • Did you continue to use marijuana or hashish even though you thought it was causing you to have physical problems?

DSM-IV Abuse Criterion 1 and DSM-5 CUD Criterion 5 (based on an affirmative response to the question)

• Sometimes people who use marijuana or hashish have serious problems at home, work or school — such as: neglecting their children, missing work or school, doing a poor job at work or school, losing a job or dropping out of school. During the past 12 months, did using marijuana or hashish cause you to have serious problems like this either at home, work, or school?

DSM-IV Abuse Criterion 2 and DSM-5 CUD Criterion 8 (based on an affirmative response to the question)

• During the past 12 months, did you regularly use marijuana or hashish and then do something where using marijuana or hashish might have put you in physical danger?

DSM-IV Abuse Criterion 3 (not included in DSM-5) (based on an affirmative response to the question)

• During the past 12 months, did using marijuana or hashish cause you to do things that repeatedly got you in trouble with the law?

DSM-IV Abuse Criterion 4 and DSM-5 CUD Criterion 6 (based on an affirmative response to both questions)

• During the past 12 months, did you have any problems with family or friends that were probably caused by your use of marijuana or hashish? • Did you continue to use marijuana or hashish even though you thought it caused problems with family or friends?