Table 5.
Patient and tumor characteristics after propensity score-matching
| Characteristic | Open approach (n = 50) | VATS approach (n = 50) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex (n, %) | 20 (40) | 21 (42) | 0.84 |
| Age (mean ± SD) (years) | 61.3 ± 11.0 | 63.5 ± 10.5 | 0.32 |
| Ethnicity (n, %) | 1.00 | ||
| White | 45 (90) | 46 (92) | |
| Black | 5 (10) | 4 (8) | |
| FEV1 (mean ± SD) (% predicted) | 73.9 ± 16.7 | 76.5 ± 19.3 | 0.46 |
| DLCO (mean ± SD) (% predicted) | 71.8 ± 18.1 | 71.5 ± 20.1 | 0.93 |
| History of diabetes (n, %) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 1.00 |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 20 (40) | 25 (50) | 0.32 |
| COPD (n, %) | 13 (26) | 16 (32) | 0.51 |
| Clinical T status (n, %) | 0.87 | ||
| 1a | 1 (2) | 4 (8) | |
| 1b | 2 (4) | 2 (4) | |
| 2a | 23 (46) | 21 (42) | |
| 2b | 5 (10) | 5 (10) | |
| 3 | 14 (28) | 14 (28) | |
| 4 | 5 (10) | 4 (8) | |
| Clinical N status (n, %) | 0.13 | ||
| 0 | 31 (62) | 23 (46) | |
| 1 | 10 (20) | 19 (38) | |
| 2 | 9 (18) | 7 (14) | |
| 3 | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | |
| Clinical stage (n, %) | 0.96 | ||
| IA | 2 (4) | 2 (4) | |
| IB | 12 (24) | 10 (20) | |
| IIA | 10 (20) | 8 (16) | |
| IIB | 12 (24) | 15 (30) | |
| IIIA | 11 (22) | 13 (26) | |
| IIIB | 3 (6) | 2 (4) | |
| Congestive heart failure (n, %) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.00 |
| Coronary artery disease (n, %) | 7 (14) | 12 (24) | 0.20 |
| Pulmonary embolism (n, %) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.00 |
| History of smoking (n, %) | 46 (92) | 46 (92) | 1.00 |
| Smoking pack years (mean ± SD) | 41.8 ± 32.6 | 42.4 ± 24.3 | 0.73 |
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n, %) | 14 (28) | 17 (34) | 0.52 |
| Neoadjuvant radiation (n, %) | 6 (12) | 6 (12) | 1.00 |
| Surgical Laterality (n, %) | 1.00 | ||
| Left | 18 (36) | 18 (36) | |
| Right | 32 (64) | 32 (64) | |
| Operative Year (n, %) | 0.70 | ||
| 1999-2003 | 10 (20) | 8 (16) | |
| 2003-2009 | 21 (42) | 19 (38) | |
| 2010-2016 | 19 (38) | 23 (46) | |
| Pathological T status (n, %) | 0.94 | ||
| 0 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| 1a | 3 (6) | 5 (10) | |
| 1b | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | |
| 2a | 25 (50) | 26 (52) | |
| 2b | 4 (8) | 4 (8) | |
| 3 | 14 (28) | 11 (22) | |
| 4 | 3 (6) | 2 (4) | |
| Pathological N status (n, %) | 0.92 | ||
| 0 | 15 (30) | 14 (28) | |
| 1 | 27 (54) | 29 (58) | |
| 2 | 8 (16) | 7 (14) | |
| Pathologic stage (n, %) | 0.91 | ||
| 0 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| IA | 2 (4) | 2 (4) | |
| IB | 6 (12) | 10 (20) | |
| IIA | 15 (30) | 14 (28) | |
| IIB | 11 (22) | 8 (16) | |
| IIIA | 15 (30) | 15 (30) | |
| IIIB | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | |
| IV | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Tumor size (mean ± SD) (cm) | 4.93 ± 2.64 | 4.77 ± 2.41 | 0.91 |
| Histology (n, %) | 0.83 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 18 (36) | 20 (40) | |
| Squamous | 22 (44) | 22 (44) | |
| Large cell | 4 (8) | 2 (4) | |
| Carcinoid & Neuroendocrine | 2 (4) | 4 (8) | |
| Poorly Differentiated | 2 (4) | 1 (2) | |
| Other | 2 (4) | 1 (2) |