Fig 4.

Thermal monitoring combined with hydrodissection. A, Lateral fluoroscopic view demonstrates the 18-ga needle in the foramen (arrow) and the thermosensor in contact with the posterior wall (dotted arrow). B, Conebeam CT acquisition with reconstruction in the axis of the needle and thermometer confirms the findings of fluoroscopy with the 18-ga needle (arrow) and the thermosensor (dotted arrow). C, Lateral view after injection of dextrose mixed with contrast shows satisfactory diffusion of the fluid into the anterior epidural space (white asterisks) separating the dural sac from the vertebral body. D, This is again outlined on the conebeam CT acquisition, which demonstrates the hydrodissection (black asterisk) between the posterior wall and the dural sac.