Fig. 2.

Diversity analysis between groups and their changes during intervention. a Alpha diversity (Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson metrics). Lines in box represent median alpha diversities. The box ranges from the lower to the upper quartiles. Statistical significance was determined by Wilcoxon paired t test. b Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) beta diversity plots using Bray–Curtis distance matrices. c Relative abundance of the top 5 most abundant phyla and the top 14 most abundant families in each group