Table 4.

Biomarkers from circulating tumour cells taken prior to treatment, after chemotherapy initiation and after vismodegib initiation.

	Pre-treatment	Post chemotherapy	Ratio expression: post chemotherapy/pre-treatment	Post vismodegib	Ratio of expression: post vismodegib/pre-treatment
	N = 57	N = 12	N = 11	N = 34	N = 33
ALDH + a	27.0 (4.0, 168.8)	30.0 (5.0, 284.0)	0.75 (0.38, 11.08), p = 0.41	48.0 (2.7, 256.2)	0.65 (0.10, 4.02), p = 0.33
EpCAM + b	9.0 (2.0, 26.0)	15.0 (8.5, 38.5)	5.17 (0.76, 18.3), p = 0.037	19.0 (3.0, 39.3)	1.05 (0.21, 3.59), p = 0.15
ALDH + EpCAM + c	2.0 (1.0, 14.0)	5.0 (2.0, 13.5)	1.0 (3.0, 7.0), p = 0.53	3.0 (1.0, 25.5)	1.0 (0.05, 2.69), p = 0.17

^aOf those with samples, circulating tumour measurements of ALDH were missing for three individuals at pre-treatment, one individual post chemotherapy and two individuals post vismodegib. Ratio change was missing for one patient after chemotherapy, and three patients after vismodegib

^bOf those with samples, circulating tumour measurements of EpCAM were missing for four individuals at pre-treatment, one individual post chemotherapy and two individuals post vismodegib. Ratio change was missing for one patient after chemotherapy, and four patients after vismodegib

^cOf those with samples, circulating tumour measurements of ALDH + EpCAM + were missing for five individuals at pre-treatment, one individual post chemotherapy and seven individuals post vismodegib. Fold change was missing for two patients after chemotherapy, and ten patients after vismodegib

The median (1st quartile, 3rd quartile) provided for each measurement