Table 1.

Number and costs of first-line evaluations and second-line investigations prescribed to confirm or exclude the suspicion of a disease

	Unit cost (€)	N.of athletes	Total cost (€)
First-line evaluation
≤35 years	62.00	5696	353 152.00
>35 years	102.00	214	21 828.00
Second-line investigations
Cardiovascular
Echocardiography	100.50	452	45 426.00
24 hours ambulatory ECG	67.05	301	20 182.05
Glucose and lipid profile	10.95	43	470.85
24 hours ambulatory BP	44.70	21	938.70
Specialist consultation	35.05	30	1051.50
Cardiac magnetic resonance	346.30	12	4155.60
Genetic testing	1431.00	6	8586.00
Coronary CT	223.40	6	1340.4
Coronary angiography	2645.59	3	7936.77
Stress echocardiography	111.65	2	223.30
Electrophysiological study	200.00	2	400.00
Non-cardiovascular
Specialist consultation	20.50	37	758.50
Urine analysis	2.05	15	30.75
Kidney ultrasound	67.05	2	134.10
Total costs			466 659.52
Total cost, first line evaluation			374 980.00
Total cost, additional investigations			91 679.52
Mean cost per athlete			78.96

Note: investigations prescribed after the diagnosis for risk stratification or therapy management were not included.

BP, blood pression; CV, cardiovascular; CT, CT tomography; ECG, ECG;