Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Geriatr Med. 2019 Sep 6;36(1):53–67. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2019.09.002

Figure 1. Neurotransmitter disorders in Parkinson disease.

Figure 1.

Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension can be understood as a neurotransmitter disorder, similar to the motor dysfunction. Nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation causing defective dopamine (DA) release results in the movement disorder, whereas postganglionic sympathetic denervation causing defective norepinephrine (NE) release when standing causes neurogenic orthostatic hypotension.