Fig. 4.

Comparison of cell growth (a), substrate consumption (b) and l-lysine production (c), and by-products accumulations (d) of strains K-2, K-4, K-5 and K-6 in fed-batch fermentation. Signals denote: Strain K-2 (filled triangle, green lines or bars), strain K-4 (filled square, black lines or bars), strain K-5 (filled circle, blue lines or bars) and strain K-6 (filled diamond, red lines or bars). The data represent mean values and standard deviations obtained from three independent cultivations