. 2020 Feb 18;20:245. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8345-1

Table 5.

Multivariable analysis

Model 1: Logistic regression taking the dichotomous alcohol use disorder scale score (low vs. high risk) as the dependent variable and the sociodemographic characteristics as independent variables.
	OR	p-value	Confidence interval
	OR	p-value	Lower Bound	Lower Bound
Gender (females vs males^a)	0.431	< 0.001	0.308	0.605
Divorced vs single^a	6.723	0.018	1.379	32.784
Number of kids	0.656	< 0.001	0.526	0.819
Secondary education level vs illiterate^a	0.272	0.083	0.062	1.185
University education level vs illiterate^a	0.204	0.030	0.048	0.860
Variables entered: Gender, Marital status, number of kids, education level
Model 2: Logistic regression taking the dichotomous alcohol use disorder scale score (low vs. high risk) as the dependent variable.
Gender (females vs males^a)	0.460		< 0.001	0.305	0.694
Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20)	1.030		0.004	1.009	1.051
Depression score (HAM-D)	1.076		< 0.001	1.050	1.103
Emotional management	0.962		0.005	0.937	0.988
Suicidal ideation score	1.253		0.027	1.026	1.531
Number of kids	0.863		0.037	0.752	0.991
Variables entered: Gender, Marital status, number of kids, education level, TAS_20, HAMD score, HAMA score, PSC score, Liebowitz score, Emotional awareness score, Emotional management score, Social emotional awareness score, Relationship management score, MBI - Emotional exhaustion, MBI - Personal accomplishment, MBI - Depersonalization, Suicidal ideation score.
Model 3: Linear regression taking the continuous AUDIT score as the dependent variable and all the scales as independent variables.
	Unstandardized Beta	Standardized Beta	p-value	Confidence interval
	Unstandardized Beta	Standardized Beta	p-value	Lower Bound	Upper Bound
Depression score (HAM-D)	0.282	0.354	< 0.001	0.220	0.344
Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20)	0.146	0.189	< 0.001	0.093	0.200
Suicidal ideation score	0.855	0.134	< 0.001	0.385	1.325
Emotional management	−0.079	−0.078	0.030	−0.150	−0.008
Gender (females vs males^a)	−2.647	−0.160	< 0.001	−3.771	−1.523
Secondary education vs illiterate^a	−2.476	−0.103	0.012	−4.415	−0.538
University education vs illiterate^a	− 2.579	−0.148	< 0.001	−4.024	− 1.134
Intermediate vs low^a SES	1.167	0.067	0.050	0.001	2.333
Variables entered: Age, Gender, SES, education level, TAS_20, HAMD score, HAMA score, PSC score, Liebowitz score, Emotional awareness score, Emotional management score, Social emotional awareness score, Relationship management score, MBI - Emotional exhaustion, MBI - Personal accomplishment, MBI - Depersonalization, Suicidal ideation score. ^aSES = socioeconomic status (Reference = low socioeconomic status).
Model 4: Linear regression taking the continuous AUDIT score as the dependent variable and four factors obtained in the factor analysis as independent variables.
Mental Wellbeing (Factor 1)	−0.817	−0.099	0.008	−1.417	−0.217
Psychological distress (Factor 2)	1.107	0.136	< 0.001	0.496	1.719
Mood/affective dysfunction (Factor 3)	3.330	0.398	< 0.001	2.672	3.989
Gender (females vs males^a)	−2.613	−0.158	< 0.001	−3.764	−1.462
Secondary education vs illiterate^a	−2.505	−0.105	0.014	−4.507	−0.503
University education vs illiterate^a	−2.678	−0.153	< 0.001	−4.165	−1.190
Factor 1 = mental wellbeing (i.e. high emotional intelligence and low emotional work fatigue; Factor 2 = psychological distress (i.e. high physical and mental work fatigue, high stress and high alexithymia; Factor 3 = mood/affective dysfunction (i.e. high suicidal ideation, high depression and high anxiety; Factor 4 = social dysfunction (i.e. low self-esteem and high social phobia). Variables entered in the model: Factor 1, Factor 2, Factor 3, factor 4, Age, Gender, SES, education level.
Model 5: Linear regression taking the continuous AUDIT score as the dependent variable and the three clusters as independent variables.
People with psychological difficulties (Cluster 1)	5.547	0.325	< 0.001	4.430	6.663
People in distress (Cluster 3)	7.455	0.323	< 0.001	5.945	8.965
Gender (Male^a vs. Female)	−3.011	−0.184	< 0.001	−4.036	−1.985
Secondary education vs illiterate^a	−2.461	−0.104	0.008	− 4.265	−.657
University education vs illiterate^a	−3.045	−0.175	< 0.001	−4.392	−1.698
Divorced vs. single^a	5.047	0.118	< 0.001	2.397	7.698
Widowed vs. single^a	4.962	0.091	0.004	1.545	8.379
Variables entered in the model: cluster 1, cluster 2, cluster 3, Age, Gender, SES, education level Cluster 1 = People with psychological difficulties (low self-esteem, high social phobia, high alexithymia, high physical and mental work fatigue and high stress, low emotional intelligence and high emotional work fatigue); cluster 2 = People with high wellbeing (high emotional intelligence and low emotional work fatigue, with low suicidal ideation, low depression and anxiety, high self-esteem and low social phobia); cluster 3 = People in distress (High suicidal ideation, high depression and anxiety, with low self-esteem & high social phobia).
^aReference group