Table 3.

Effects of birth weight and HF on gray matter and white matter differences as determined by voxel-based morphometric analysis.

		Cluster voxelsa	Peak-level	Local maxima coordinates
	Region of interest		P-valueb	x	y	z
White matter
CON > HF	Cerebellum	128	< 0.001	−14	−11.2	−4.9
HF > CON	Lateral ventricle	2851	< 0.001	−0.7	11.2	4.9
	Right cortex		< 0.001	13.3	−3.5	9.1
	Internal capsule		< 0.001	11.9	3.5	−0
	Lateral ventricle	33	< 0.001	−10.5	−5.6	6.3
	Midbrain	134	< 0.001	6.3	−2.8	−4.2
	Hypothalamus	51	< 0.001	4.2	8.4	−7.7
	Left cortex	129	< 0.001	−7.7	−11.2	7.7
Gray matter
CON
AGA > SGA	No significant findings
SGA > AGA	Olfactory bulb	98	< 0.001	5.6	26.6	−7.7
	Right cortex	72	< 0.001	9.1	−5.6	18.9
	Right cortex	65	< 0.001	−14	−11.2	11.9
	Left cortex	23	< 0.001	−5.6	−14	11.2
HF
AGA > SGA	Right cortex	51	< 0.001	3.5	−6.3	-7
SGA > AGA	Right cortex	246	< 0.001	18.9	−0.7	−6.3
	Right cortex	27	< 0.001	−18.2	10.5	5.6
AGA
CON > HF	Olfactory bulb	642	< 0.001	−2.1	24.5	−5.6
	Right cortex	824	< 0.001	2.8	−8.4	12.6
	Left cortex		< 0.001	−7.7	−9.8	16.8
	Left cortex		< 0.001	−2.1	−1.4	15.4
	Lateral ventricle	182	< 0.001	3.5	4.2	−7
	Left cortex	153	< 0.001	−15.4	19.6	8.4
	Left cortex	92	< 0.001	−7.7	−15.4	4.2
	Thalamus	375	< 0.001	−0.7	9.1	0.7
	Right cortex	93	< 0.001	9.1	−9.8	−0.7
	Right cortex	23	0.001	12.6	−17.5	2.8
HF > CON	Olfactory bulb	26	0.001	4.9	26.6	−10.5
SGA
CON > HF	Left cortex	290	< 0.001	−20.3	−4.9	4.2
	Cerebellum	433	< 0.001	−12.6	−9.8	−2.8
	Cerebellum		< 0.001	−14	−18.2	4.2
	Right hippocampus	378	< 0.001	3.5	−5.6	4.9
	Left cortex	32	< 0.001	−8.4	0.7	9.1
	Cerebellum	196	< 0.001	11.2	−11.2	−4.9
	Left cortex	178	< 0.001	−7	−14.7	5.6
	Right cortex	399	< 0.001	11.9	−15.4	6.3
	Lateral ventricle	50	< 0.001	5.6	4.9	8.4
	Left cortex	128	< 0.001	−11.2	20.3	13.3
	Left cortex	32	< 0.001	−12.6	14.7	7.7
HF > CON	No significant findings

Tests used a threshold of p = 0.001 uncorrected. AGA CON n = 8, AGA HF n = 8, SGA CON n = 8, SGA HF n = 9.

^aClusters > 20 were included in analysis with threshold set at p = 0.001.

^bUncorrected P-values.

AGA, appropriate for gestational age; SGA, small for gestational age; CON, control; HF, hydrolyzed fat.