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. 2020 Feb 12;8:32. doi: 10.3389/fped.2020.00032

Table 4.

Effects of birth weight and HF on hippocampal metabolism as determined by single-voxel spectroscopy in 4 week-old pigletsa.

Treatment Pooled SEM P-Valueb
Metabolite AGA CON AGA HF SGA CON SGA HF Size Diet Size*Diet
Asp 2.678 2.728 2.688 2.840 0.243 0.620 0.417 0.679
GSH 2.181 2.330 2.286 2.380 0.215 0.474 0.267 0.803
Ins 7.094 7.322 7.120 7.344 0.261 0.855 0.093 0.990
Scyllo 0.379 0.379 0.374 0.337 0.033 0.173 0.275 0.263
GPC + PCh 1.765 1.814 1.689 1.746 0.106 0.156 0.288 0.939
NAA + NAAG 5.755 5.835 5.745 6.027 0.280 0.521 0.204 0.474
Cr + PCr 4.673 4.720 4.630 4.659 0.169 0.544 0.657 0.916
Glu + Gln 8.368 9.095 8.394 8.662 0.645 0.533 0.134 0.482
MM14 + Lip13a + Lip13b + MM12 10.970 8.716 8.196 9.195 1.206 0.068 0.307 0.012
MM09 + Lip09 5.185 4.646 3.943 4.435 0.555 0.014 0.933 0.073
MM20 + Lip20 8.972 9.718 8.432 8.868 0.815 0.099 0.157 0.706
a

Values are means of 6–9 replicate pigs with MRI data collected at 26–29 d of age. AGA CON n = 8, n = 7 (MM14 + Lip13a + Lip13b + MM12); AGA HF n = 8, n = 7 (Scyllo), n = 6 (Asp); SGA CON n =8, n = 7 (Asp, Scyllo, MM14 + Lip13a + Lip13b + MM12); SGA HF n = 9. Bold values are significance.

b

Size, main effect of birth weight (i.e., AGA vs. SGA); Diet, main effect of dietary intervention (i.e., HF vs. CON); Size*Diet, interaction effect of birth weight, and dietary intervention.

Data presented as means and pooled SEM.

AGA, appropriate for gestational age; SGA, small for gestational age; CON, control; HF, hydrolyzed fat; NAA + NAAG, N-acetylaspartate + N-acetylaspartylglutamate; GPC + PCh, glycerophosphocholine + phosphocholine; Cr + PCr, creatine + phosphocreatine; Glu + Gln, glutamate + glutamine; MM, macromolecule; Lip, lipid.