Table 2. Results ¹ of THC analysis in commercial hemp-based products from the German market (2018–2023).

Year	Samples with Δ 9-THC content exceeding LOAEL	Samples with Δ 9-THC content between ARfD and LOAEL	Sample with Δ 9-THC content below ARfD	Samples (total)
2018	7 (78%)	2 (22%)	0 (0%)	9
2019	10 (16%)	30 (47%)	24 (38%)	64
2020	4 (4%)	49 (46%)	54 (50%)	107
2021	7 (6%)	50 (44%)	56 (50%)	113
2022	11 (16%)	33 (48%)	25 (36%)	69
2023	9 (18%)	21 (41%)	21 (41%)	51
2018–2023 (total)	48 (12%)	185 (45%)	180 (44%)	413

¹ For raw results see dataset ³¹ , table sheet 2.

Abbreviations: Δ ⁹-THC: Δ ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol; ARfD: acute reference dose of 1 μg THC per kg body weight ³³ ; LOAEL: lowest observed adverse effect level of 2.5 mg Δ ⁹-THC per day ³³