Table 5. Descriptive statistics of national cultural orientations, research output and impact.
| PDI | IDV | MAS | UAI | LTOWVS | IVR | LGDP | Research
Output |
Research
Impact |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Valid | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 90 | 91 | 190 | 239 | 239 |
| Missing | 171 | 171 | 171 | 171 | 149 | 148 | 49 | 0 | 0 |
| Mean | 59.118 | 43.853 | 48.603 | 67.132 | 46.067 | 45.374 | 9.008 | 1.004e -17 | 4.766e -16 |
| Std. Error of
Mean |
2.671 | 2.930 | 2.420 | 2.820 | 2.560 | 2.364 | 0.088 | 0.065 | 0.065 |
| Std.
Deviation |
22.023 | 24.164 | 19.956 | 23.257 | 24.287 | 22.555 | 1.208 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Variance | 485.031 | 583.918 | 398.243 | 540.893 | 589.838 | 508.748 | 1.460 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Shapiro-Wilk | 0.985 | 0.942 | 0.980 | 0.951 | 0.968 | 0.978 | 0.979 | 0.264 | 0.915 |
| p of Shapiro-Wilk | 0.587 | 0.003 | 0.334 | 0.010 | 0.024 | 0.120 | 0.006 | < .001 | < .001 |
| Minimum | 11.000 | 6.000 | 5.000 | 8.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 6.442 | -0.303 | -1.800 |
| Maximum | 104.000 | 91.000 | 110.000 | 104.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 11.614 | 12.810 | 5.201 |
PDI = Power distance; IDV = Individualism (vs. Collectivism); MAS = Masculinity (vs. Femininity); UAI = Uncertainty avoidance; LTOWVS = Long term (vs. Short term) Normative Orientation; IVR = Indulgence (vs. Restraint); LGDP = Natural logarithm of averaged (1993–2018) GDP per capita; Research Output = Z-scores of Component 1 from Principal Component Analysis/PCA extraction (based on DOC, CITA, CIT, SELF, HINDEX); Research Impact = Z-scores of Component 2 from PCA extraction (based on CPD); PCA = Principal Component Analysis