Table 3. Currently open and registered clinical trials in tuberculous meningitis (from the ClinicalTrials.gov and ISRCTN registries).

Trial Name	Registration Number	Countries Recruiting	Target Patient Group	Study Arms	Primary Outcome	Sample Size
Optimizing Anti-tuberculosis Therapy in Adults with Tuberculous Meningitis	NCT03787940	China	Adults 18–65 years	Standard dose vs. high dose isoniazid for rapid NAT2 acetylators	Death or severe disability at 12 months from enrolment	338 rapid acetylators
Retrospective Real-word Study of Linezolid for the Treatment of Tuberculous Meningitis	NCT03898635	China	Adults 18 years and older	1.     No linezolid in treatment regimen at any point 2.     Linezolid added during the treatment course 3.     Linezolid in treatment regimen from beginning	Survival within five years	n/s
Linezolid, Aspirin and Enhanced Dose Rifampicin in HIV-TBM (LASER-TBM)	NCT03927313	South Africa	HIV-infected adults (>18 years)	1.     Standard of care drug regimen at standard of care dosages 2.     Higher dosages of rifampicin and the addition of linezolid for the first 56 days of treatment 3.     Higher dosages of rifampicin and the addition of linezolid and aspirin for the first 56 days of treatment	Treatment related adverse events	100
Adjunctive Corticosteroids for Tuberculous Meningitis in HIV-infected Adults (The ACT HIV Trial)	NCT03092817	Vietnam, Indonesia	HIV-infected adults (>18 years)	Dexamethasone vs. placebo	Survival 12 months post randomisation	520
Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase Stratified Trial of Adjunctive Corticosteroids for HIV- uninfected Adults with Tuberculous Meningitis	NCT03100786	Vietnam	HIV-uninfected adults (>18 years)	1.     Open label dexamethasone for all patients with TT genotype for first 6–8 weeks treatment 2.     Individuals with CT or CC genotypes randomised to dexamethasone or placebo for first 6–8 weeks treatment	All-cause mortality or new neurological event by 12 months post randomisation	640
Optimizing Treatment to Improve TBM Outcomes in Children (TBM-KIDS)	NCT02958709	India, Malawi	Children	1.     High dose rifampicin in a standard drug regimen 2.     High dose rifampicin and levofloxacin instead of ethambutol 3.     Standard dose rifampicin in a standard drug regimen	Characterise the pharmacokinetic parameters of rifampicin and levofloxacin and describe outcomes and safety	120
Harvest trial - improving outcomes from TB meningitis with high dose oral rifampicin	ISRCTN15668391	Uganda, b/South Africa, Indonesia	Adults (>18 years)	Standardly dosed regimen compared to a standard drug regimen but with elevated rifampicin dosage	Six-month survival	500
SURE: Short intensive treatment for children with tuberculous meningitis	ISRCTN40829906	India, Uganda, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe	Children under 15 years (and over 28 days)	Factorial design: •     First randomisation: standard drug regimen vs. drug regimen with high dose rifampicin and substitution of ethambutol with levofloxacin •     Second randomisation: aspirin vs. placebo	First randomisation: all-cause mortality by 48 weeks Second randomisation: neurodevelopment at 48 weeks assessed using a Modified Rankin Score	400
Improving diagnosis and treatment of HIV-associated Tuberculous meningitis	ISRCTN42218549	Uganda	Adults (>18 years)	1.     Intravenous 20mg/kg/day rifampicin for two weeks (followed by oral rifampicin 35mg/kg/day for six weeks) 2.     Oral 35mg/kg/day rifampicin for eight weeks 3.     Standard of care oral rifampicin (~10mg/kg/day) for eight weeks	Pharmacokinetic parameters and safety composite endpoint	60