Table 2.

Risk Factors for OUD and Opioid Misuse

Patient Risk Factors for OUD	Behaviors indicative of Misuse	Prescription Opioid Risk Factors
Family history of any SUD. Personal history of any SUD. Mental health diagnosis such as psychotic disorder, somatoform disorder, and personality disorder.	Use of prescribed opioid longer than directed. Use of opioid in greater amounts than prescribed. Erratic use of opioids. Inappropriate use to manage symptoms other an pain, such as anxiety. Use of opioid with alcohol or illegal substance. Over concern with opioid medications. Demanding opioids. Rejecting or missing appointments for alternative methods of pain management care. Demonstrating anger and hostility. Providing an inconsistent history. Urine toxicology not concordant with the prescription.	Opioids received for more than 30 days. Daily dose of opioid greater than 120 MME. Concurrent use of atypical antipsychotic agents. Opioids prescribed from multiple prescribers and received from multiple pharmacies as indicated by the PDMP.